中国微合金化技术与含铌钢发展30周-of Evolution22.pdfVIP

High Strength Microalloyed Linepipe: Half a Century of Evolution J. Malcolm Gray, F. Siciliano Microalloyed Steel Institute 5100 Westheimer, Suite 540, Houston, TX 77056 USA INTRODUCTION Microalloyed low carbon steels, originally termed High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steels, were first introduced in the late 1930’s. The elements niobium vanadium and titanium were added singly, in amounts as low as 0.005 to 0.010 percent in early steels, but later in combination as strengths increased and the metallurgical approach became more refined. The predominant melting method at that time was the Siemens - Martin Open Hearth Process, the steels were ingot cast, usually semi-killed, and in many cases were normalized. Over time this manufacturing approach has dramatically changed. Very low carbon, fully killed, steels are now continuously cast than converted to plate and coil using complex thermomechanical controlled processing (TMCP) regimes. Via this revolution the rolling mill has emerged as a sophisticated metallurgical tool, not simply a means of achieving the final product shape. Microalloying was first introduced in ship plate, beams, bridge steels, reinforcing bar and heat treated forgings and was not introduced into linepipe steels until 1959 [1]. However, the escalating technological demands of high pressure pipeline systems can be credited with the rapid evolution of HSLA technology since then. Today’s pipeline designs consider all aspects of a steel’s performance, including strength, toughness, weldability, fatigue and collapse resistance, strain tolerance, as well as environmental degradation such as stress corros