河口生态学Lecture_7b Estuarine Communities.pptx

? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;? 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole;Salt marshes are intertidal flats covered by grassy vegetation.;Salt Marsh Succession A salt marsh is born by the arrival of a seed or the rafting of a plant of the cord grass Spartina alterniflora. The grass spreads asexually by means of a subterranean rhizome system. The grass becomes dense and forms a baffle, which encourages the deposition of fine particulate sediment, including organic matter (salt marsh peat). This, in effect, causes a rise of the sediment surface and makes the habitat more terrestrial. As this happens, other somewhat less salt-tolerant grasses are able to invade. Eventually, this series of invasions and takeovers leads to a vertical zonation of grasses and a spread of the entire marsh system. SAS = Spartina alterniflora - short form SP = Spartina patens, the next higher grass species;Border of Spartina patens - Spartina alterniflora zone In the foreground we see the Spartina patens zone, which is higher (though that is hard to tell from the photo) than the S. alterniflora zone (taller grass in the background). S. patens is less salt tolerant than S. alterniflora.;Marsh System Cross-Sectional View This is a schematic cross section of a marsh with creeks. Note the tall form of Spartina patens, which tends to live adjacent to creek edges, which are bathed i