吉林农田生态环境问题及其对粮食生产的影响-农学学报.PDF

农学学报 2013,3(08):32-37 Journal of Agriculture 吉林省农田生态环境问题及其对粮食生产的影响 陈宝玉，王洪君，王 楠，曹铁华，梁烜赫 （吉林省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业部东北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室，长春130033） 摘 要：详细叙述了吉林省农田自然环境、面源污染和耕地土壤退化现状，产地环境变化对粮食产量的影 响。回顾了主要气象灾害、面源污染及耕地质量退化形成的原因，分析了30 年来，粮食产量波动规律及 自然灾害对农业生产造成的经济损失。以此为基础，提出了解决吉林省粮食生产可持续的关键技术措 施，认为科学施肥，提高利用率，增加土壤有机质，提高耕地生产力是解决粮食可持续的关键技术环节。 粮食可持续关键技术的有效实施，可以促进吉林省农田生态环境的改善，增加粮食品质，保障粮食生产 可持续发展。 关键词：吉林省；农田生态环境；可持续粮食生产；技术途径 中图分类号：X322 文献标志码：A 论文编号：2013-0152 Problems of Farmland Ecological Environment and Its Effect on Food Production in Jilin Province ChenBaoyu,WangHongjun,WangNan,CaoTiehua,LiangXuanhe (Research Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-Environment in Northeast Region, MOA,Changchun130033,Jilin,China) Abstract:Inthispaper,farmlandenvironment,thenon-pointsourcepollution,farmlandsoildegradationand influenceofenvironmentchangeonfoodproductioninJilinProvincewereanalyzed.Thereasonsforthemajor meteorologicaldisasters,non-pointsourcepollutionandlanddegradationwerereviewed.Grainproduction fluctuationruleandeconomiclossescausedbynaturaldisastersonagriculturalproductionwereanalyzedfor 30 years.Onthisbasis,thekeytechnologiesofsustainablefoodproductionwereputforwardinorderto improvefarmlandecologicalenvironment,increasefoodqualityandguaranteethesustainabledevelopmentof grainproduction.Ouropinionswerethatscientificfertilization,improvingtheutilizationrate,increasingsoil organicmatterandimprovingcultivatedlandproductivitywerethekeytosolvegrainsustainabledevelopment. Key words: Jilin Province; Farmland Ecological Environment; Sustainable Food Production; Technical Approaches 0 引言