[论文]美国经济东山再起.docVIP

美国经济东山再起 【导读】：俗话说，欠下的都是要还的。连续透支消费，高风险投机等欲望最终导致危机发生。遭受经济危机重创的美国，现仍处于元气恢复之中。不过危机之中亦有机遇，如谷歌，Facebook和苹果创造的App经济在国内外大放异彩；美元走软的同时降低了贸易逆差；居高不下的油价孕育了利用“压裂法”提取页岩气公司的出现等等，都预示着美国经济的灵活性之高。那，那，，，总统应该做什么呢？请看下文 The American economy 美国经济 Comeback kid 东山再起 America’s economy is once again reinventing itself 美国经济要再次脱胎换骨 Jul 14th 2012 | from the print edition ALMOST the only thing on which Barack Obama and Mitt Romney, his Republican challenger, agree is that the economy is in a bad way. Unemployment is stuck above 8% and growth probably slipped below an annualised 2% in the first half of this year. Ahead lie the threats of a euro break-up, a slowdown in China and the “fiscal cliff”, a withering year-end combination of tax increases and spending cuts. Mr Obama and Mr Romney disagree only on what would make things worse: re-electing a left-wing president who has regulated to death a private sector he neither likes nor understands; or swapping him for a rapacious private-equity man bent on enriching the very people who caused the mess. 美国经济很糟糕，或许这是奥巴马和罗姆尼（美国共和党总统候选人）唯一能达成共识的地方了。比如，徘徊在8%之上的失业率居高不下，估计连今年上半年的经济也保不住2%的年化增长率。摆在美国面前的除了欧元区解体的威胁与中国经济增速放缓，还有国内的“财政之窘【注1】”——年末增加税收与削减开支的共同作用将可能导致经济萎缩。而到底什么会让经济变得更糟，这是唯一一个让他们吵得不可开交的话题：是让左倾总统奥巴马连任还是换上罗姆尼执掌？前者不喜欢也不理解私营部门并限制其发展，后者作为贪婪的私营部门的代表，致力于为极少数导致此次危机的人谋福利。 America’s economy is certainly in a tender state. But the pessimism of the presidential slanging-match misses something vital. Led by its inventive private sector, the economy is remaking itself (see article). Old weaknesses are being remedied and new strengths discovered, with an agility that has much to teach stagnant Europe and dirigiste Asia. 眼下的美国经济的确十分脆弱，但弥漫在总统竞选口水战中的悲观情绪却让人们忽略了一些极其重要的东西。在其极富创造力的私营部门带领下，整个美国经济都在经历脱胎换骨的过程（另见文）。美国一边整改着经济系统薄弱之处，一边发掘新的经济增长点。这个过程十分灵活，大有值得经济停滞的欧洲和统制经济的亚洲学习之处。 Balance your imbalances 都是要还的 America’s sluggishness stems above all from pre-crisis excesses and the misshapen economy they created. Until 2008 growth relied too heavily on consumer spending and house-bu