Interculturalcommunication汇编.pdfVIP

Objectives of the Class • To be able to recognize cultural variables • To understand how those variables influence business • To be able to maximize intercultural communication strengths and minimize potential difficulties • To increase cultural sensitivity A Hierarchy of Cultural Components Architectural and other concrete expressions Generally recognized behaviors Explicit beliefs Deeply embedded, harder-to-recognize beliefs From a presentation by Oscar Schiappa-Pietra, Kennedy School of Government, August 2001 Examples of Cultural Components • Architectural and other concrete elements – Buildings, dress • Recognized behaviors – Rituals, taboos • Explicit beliefs – Religion, marriage, social duties • Deeply embedded beliefs Ways in Which Cultures Vary • Individualism versus collectivism • High context versus low context • Perception of time • Perception of space • Importance of hierarchy • Nature of change • Importance and rigidity of gender roles • Nature of authority • Humans’ relationship to the natural world The Complexity of Culture Culture refers to many elements that are implicit and therefore not evident. People tend to think their cultural patterns are natural and correct, and that alternative ways are odd if not wrong. People usually do not reflect on cultural contrasts until they become sensitized to intercultural diversity. From a presentation by Oscar Schiappa-Pietra, Kennedy School of Government, August 2001 How Cultural Differences Can Impact Professional In