it用法的详细介绍.docVIP

it的用法 指代（后行）it: 1， it主要指人以外的具体的东西或事物。 A: Pass me a blue pen. B: Here it is / Here you are. It的基本用法是用来指代上文已提到的或即将提到的事物。 I had a talk with the teacher. It was very helpful. It would be helpful if you could join us.(虚拟语气，事实还未发生，但希望其发生。) it也可用来指代不明身份或性别的人；指代喜爱的事物或宠物也可用she / he。Look that lovely baby in the cradle! Oh, dear. It is crying. A：Whos it (knocking at the door)? B: Its me. My car needs some more petrol. Lets fill her up. China has a history of over 5,000 years old. She is proud of her culture. 区别：it, one(ones ) ,that(those), the one(the ones)用于指代用法时的区别: it代替上文提及的原物(复数用they)； that指代上文提及的定指的可数名词单数或不可数名词（复数those）, one指代上文提及的、泛指的可数名词单数（复数ones）； the one指代下文中会提到的有定语修饰的名词“这/那一个”（复数the ones 相当于these, those）。 The red pen is on the desk and __it ____ is Toms. This pen is mine and __that____ is Toms. This pen is mine and _the one___ on the desk is Toms. My mother bought me a new dictionary and her mother will buy her __one_ too The apples taste great, so mother bought __ones__ for me. Bikes made in Shanghai are better than __those/the ones__ made in Changsha. 二·虚义it: 虚义it指用作没有具体语义的主语，如表示时间、距离、环境、自然现象（天气、气候明暗等指时间 eg. It was late autumn (early spring, mid summer, etc) ---what time is it? ---it is half past ten. 指距离 e g.It’s only five miles (half an hour’s walk). . It is only about half an hours ride from here to my home. 指环境，情况等。It’s very quiet in the library at the moment. 4.指自然现象（天气，气候，明暗等） eg. It’s getting cold (dark, late, etc.). When spring comes, it is getting warmer and warmer. It is cooler in Tianjin than in Beijing. 三·形式it: 1．形式主语：不定式、动名词以及主语从句作主语时，为避免“头重脚轻”， 常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语后置。 It seemed impossible (for him) to get back home. （不定式作主语） It was worthwhile searching for his roots. （动名词作主语） It was obvious that his ancestor taught his younger generation little of his own language. （主语从句作主语） 补充： It is / was difficult (easy, hard, important, necessary, useful, fit, possible, a pity, a P