我国侦查体制改革趋势浅论.docxVIP

我国侦查体制改革趋势浅论【摘要】侦查体制是关于侦查权如何配置、运作以及如何监督控制，以保证侦查权不被滥用，使侦查权的行使符合国家利益，在维护国家利益中发挥它应有作为的国家制度。我国的侦查体制模式是在吸收职权主义理念，借鉴前苏联侦查体制的基础上建立起来的，因而在设计上存在着严重的方向和技术错误，在司法实践中危害到犯罪嫌疑人的人身权利。为此，必须实现机制变革，体制转型：第一，维持职权式单轨制侦查模式，但应赋予嫌疑人及其辩护人证据保全申请权；第二，倡行检警一体化，改造检、警关系；第三，实现强制措施的司法审查化，由行政型侦查转变为司法型侦查；第四，增强侦查的技术含量，由主观型侦查过渡为客观型侦查。【关键词】侦查体制；司法审查；检警一体化；主观型侦查；单轨制；【Title】On the reform trend of Investigation【Abstract】Detection system is right on the investigation how to configure, operate, and how monitoring controls to ensure that investigative power is not abused, the investigation exercise of the right in the national interest to play in safeguarding the national interest of the state system as it should. Our model is the system of investigation powers doctrine in the absorption of ideas, learn from the former Soviet Union on the basis of detection system built up, so there are serious design direction and technical errors, in judicial practice endangers the personal rights of criminal suspects. Therefore, we must implement mechanisms for change, institutional transformation: first, to maintain single-track system of authority investigation model, but it should be given to suspects and their counsel to apply the right to preservation of evidence; second, Advocating for prosecutors and police integration, transformation of the seizure, police relations ; Third, the realization of judicial review of compulsory measures, type of investigation into the administration of justice-based detection; Fourth, enhance the technological content of the investigation, investigation by the transition to a subjective type of objective-type investigation.【Key words】Detection system; Judicial Review; Prosecutors and police integration; Subjective type of investigation; Monorail system;司法改革是建设社会主义法治国家的必然要求。公安机关的侦查活动作为刑事诉讼的第一道工序，从立案到破案，从实体到程序、从证据的数量到证据的质量等方面，都必须树立全新的思维和观念，以适应司法改革的需要。侦查体制是侦查程序运行的物质基础，侦查程序是侦查体制功能的动态表现，二者具有相同的制度精神，因而我国侦查制度改革成败与否的关键就在于侦查程序的改革，1996年《刑事诉讼法》修改后在实践中所暴露的绝大多数问题，都与1996年《刑事诉讼法》修改时侦查程序改革力度不够，存在着直接或间接地