丙类大副口语题目汇总-航海知识.docVIP

朗读（Reading） Passage 1 Helicopter is the rapidest transportation means to transfer the casualties or rescue survivors at sea. Helicopter rescue becomes more and more important in marine shipping. When the helicopter takes part in SAR operation, communications between the helicopter and vessels are vital. Most European countries have all weather SAR helicopters on permanent standby with unfuelled ranges of up to 300 nautical miles and this range can be greatly extended by refueling from oil or forward airfields and some naval vessels. In this way, the entire North Sea, and most of North Atlantic out to 17o west, is covered by SAR helicopters. The helicopter pilot will want to approach the ship in such a way that the helicopter will hover into the relative wind and with the pilot’s side (starboard side) closest to the ship as he approaches. If the helicopter is to approach in the usual manner, from the stern, the ship should maintain a constant speed through the water and keep the wind 30o on the port bow. If the hoisting area is some area of the ship other than the stern, the ship should keep the wind 30o on the starboard bow. A free flow of air, clear of smoke, over the hoisting area is desired. These procedures may be modified on instructions from the pilot of communications exist. Passage 2 The radio can now be tuned to the emergency frequency of the band on which the DSC alert was sent for transmission of the urgency message. The format of a urgency message is: PAN PAN. The words PAN PAN indicate that the message is an urgency message, and as such, it should have priority over all but distress traffic. In the case of a request for medical assistance, the signal is PAN PAN Medico. Note that this is for Medical assistance. A request for medical advice is not a PAN PAN. Address-all messages except distress must be addressed to somebody. A general call, perhaps for a tow, would be address to ‘all stations’. A PAN PAN Medico is more likely to be addressed to a specifi