定语从句. 王doc.docVIP

定语从句 分析以下例句： 1.He who laughs last laughs best 谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。 Heaven never helps the man who will not act.自己不动，叫天何用。  It’s the first step that costs.千里之行，始于足下I do . I:概念：以上例句我们可以看出，斜体部分相当于一个形容词的作用，用来修饰或限制前面的名词或者代词， 叫定语从句。前面的被修饰的成分，（可以是名词，代词或整个主句，叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词II:关系词的作用：1 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词；2在从句中作某个句子成份III:. 关系代词引导的定语从句※(I）. that: 1. A plane is a machine that can fly. 2. The noodles that I cooked were delicious. 3. You can take anything ( that) you like. 4. Who is the man that is reading a book over there? 5. The girl that we saw yesterday was Jim’s sister. 6. Shes no longer the girl ( that) she used to be. 由以上例句可以看出，that可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。※(II):which: 指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语。如：1. They planted some trees which didn’t need much water.2. The fish which we bought this morn were not fresh.3. My father is a teacher, which my mother is not. 由以上例句看出， Which，指物，在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语. : who 1. The foreigner who visited our class yesterday is from Canada. 2. The boy who broke the wondow is called Tom. Who 指人，在从句中做主语。 ※(IV): whom 1. The person to whom you just talked is Mr. LI. 2. Mrs Read is the person whom you should write to . Whom 指人，在从句中做宾语。 : whose 1. This is a scientist whose name is known all over the world. 2. The room whose window faces south is mine. Whose 是关系代词who 的所有格形式，用作名词的限定语， 既可以指人，也可以指物。: as 1.As is known to all, smoking is harmful to ones health . 2.Smoking is harmful to ones health , as we all know .3. Her attitude to him was quite the same as it had always been. 4. It’s the same person as we wanted to find yesterday . as 既可以指人，也可以指物，在从句中做主语，宾语或表语。that 人或物 主，宾，表 which 物 主，宾，表 who 人 主 whom 人 宾 whose 人或物 主，宾，表 as 人或物 主，宾，表 IV． 关系副词引导的定语从句 ※(I): when 1. October 1st, 1949 is the day when (=on which) the people’s Republic of China was founded. 2. I’ll never forget the time when (=during which) we worked on the farm . ?3. Do you remember the afternoon when (=on wh