英国文学史及选读复习7WilliamShakespeare1564.docVIP

Questions concerning Renaissance What is Renaissance? What did it bring in outlook, culture? Generally speaking, what age is Renaissance? What can we see from Davinci about the ideals of Renaissance? What is Machiavelli’s political commentary? What happened in Germany in the Renaissance time? What is Mercantilism? What is Protestantism? Who is Descartes? What is Copernicus’ discovery? Who is Caxton? Who are Francis Drake and John Hawkins? When and where did the Renaissance first started? Why? What are the historical changes in England during the Renaissance time? What is meant by humanism? What are the chief benefits to literature of the discovery of printing? What effect on civilization has the multiplication of books? What did Henry VIII do to the English Church? What did Elizabeth I do to the Oxford and Cambridge universities? Name a few English representatives in learning and literature in the Renaissance age? What is the result of the enclosure movement? William Shakespeare 1564—1616 Writers before Shakespeare 1400-1550 The fifteenth century was an age of preparation, of learning the beginning of science, and of getting acquainted with the great ideals,---the stern law, the profound philosophy, the suggestive mythology, and the noble poetry of the Greeks and Romans. The books worthy of remembrance which appeared in England during this period are as follows: Thomas More’s Utopia written in Latin, translated into all European language speedily, published in 1516 is a powerful and original study of social conditions, unlike anything which had ever appeared in any literature. More learns from a sailor, of a wonderful kingdom of Nowhere, in which all questions of labor, government, society, and religion have been easily settled by simple justice and common sense. In this Utopia we find for the first time, as the foundations of civilized society, the three great words, Liberty, Fraternity, Equality, which retained their inspiration through all the violence of