汽车用铝合金焊接工艺的研究-材料加工工程专业论文.docx

优秀毕业论文 精品参考文献资料 RESEARCH ABOUT THE WELDING TECHNOLOGY OF AUTOMOTIVE ALUMINIUM ALLOYS ABSTRACT The weldability of automotive aluminum alloys is not very good and deficiencies (such as porosity, hot cracking) often occur during welding. Therefore, the article explored the welding technology of 6061 aluminum alloy that is often used in car body. This research provides experiment data for the application of aluminum alloys in automotive industry. The work also has important practical value to the further use of aluminum alloys that will make automotive lighter. The weldability of 6061 alloy was examined by means of FISCO to test welding crack susceptibility and tests of porosity sensibility. The welding technology of 6061 was studied to get suitable welding parameters. The mechanical properties of 6061 welded joint were also tested. In order to make further research of the different performance between welded joint and base metal of 6061 alloy, the microstructure characteristics and point component of butt joint of 6061 alloy were studied by means of advanced test methods including optics microscope and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX). Furthermore, the article also covered research of effects about different welding processes and parameters on 6061 alloy bead sizes. The analysis results indicate that 6061 alloy is characterized by the sensibility of crystal crack and hydrogen porosity. Under the same condition, 6061 alloy is more susceptible to hot cracking than 3A21 alloy. While 4043 welding wire was used as the filler metal, low crack susceptibility was achieved and hot crack only emerged in arc crater. Crater crack appeared both longitudinal and horizontal. As far as 6061 alloy’ s porosity susceptibility is concerned, influencing factors include welding methods, relative humidity of the environment, surface state of test plate, composition of shielding gas and welding variables. There were three main types of porosity in welded joint, i