稀土掺杂氟化镧(laf3)纳米粒子在聚合物材料中的复合及性质研究-应用化学专业论文.docxVIP

摘要目前，将功能性的纳米微粒分散于聚合物基质中制备成纳米复合材料，已经成为聚合物改性的主要方式。由于与功能性纳米微粒的复合，高分子材料的热性能，物理性能和光学特性以及其他相关性能都得到普遍的提高。本文也以这种方式将稀土掺杂的氟化镧的纳米微粒与聚合物纤维复合，获得了分散均匀的功能性的荧光材料。本论文针对稀土掺杂氟化镧（LaF3）纳米粒子在吸收光谱和发射光谱中有比较好的分离，而且在可见光到近红外的范围内荧光发射。通过把铽离子添加到LaF3 纳米微晶中，得到了独特的绿色荧光（545nm）材料。我们利用有机配体来控制纳米微粒在聚合物基质中的增长和稳定性。并通过这些配体的苯环π-π共轭吸收紫外光，进而将吸收的能量传递给中心稀土离子，提高其荧光性能。当将稀土离子掺杂到聚合物基质中时，由于LaF3 晶体的保护减少了对中心离子荧光性质的猝灭作用。我们选择以聚苯乙烯（PS）和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）作为复合基质，主要是由于其具有透明性、光学清晰度和易融性。通过沉淀聚合和原位聚合法将纳米颗粒添加到这些材料中，得到了大小和分散均匀的纳米复合材料。另外，我们还采用双螺杆薄膜挤出机和双组份纤维挤出机获得了聚合物薄膜和纤维。关键词：稀土配合物；掺杂；氟化镧纳米粒子；聚苯乙烯；聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯ABSTRACTAtpresent,thefunctionalnanoparticledispersedinthepolymermatrixwerepreparedinto nanocomposites,hasbecomethemainwayforpolymermodified.Becauseofcompoundwith functionalnano-particles,thethermalpropertiesofpolymermaterials,physicalpropertiesand opticalpropertiesaswellasotherrelatedpropertieshavebeengenerallyimproved.Inthisway, rare-earth-dopedlanthanum fluoridenanoparticles and polymerfibercomposite uniformly dispersedfunctionalfluorescentmaterial.Inthispaper,wehavetherareearthdopedlanthanumfluoride(ofLaF3)nanoparticlesthat havebetterseparationintheabsorptionandemissionspectra,fluorescenceemissioninthe visibletonear-infraredrange.TerbiumionwasaddedtoLaF3nanocrystals,Green fluorescence(545nm)materialswereobtained.Theorganicligandswereusedtocontrolthe growthandstabilityofthenanoparticlesinthepolymermatrix.Bytheπ-πconjugateofthe benzeneringoftheseligandstoabsorbultravioletlight,andthenpassedtheabsorbedenergy tothecentralrareearthion,improvedthefluorescenceproperties.Whentherareearthionsweredopedintothepolymermatrix,duetotheprotectionofthe LaF3crystalreducedthequenchingofthefluorescencepropertiesofthecentralion. Polystyrene(PS)and poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA)werechoosedasacomposite matrix,mainlyduetotheirtransparency,opticalclarityandeasefinancial.Byprecipitation polymerizationandsitupolymerizationmethodnanoparticleswereaddedintothesematerials, sizeanduniformlydispersednanocompositeswereobtained.Addition,bytwin-screwfilm extrusionma