2005-Chapter1 SignalandSystem. 信号与系统 朱学勇 通信学院教学课件.pptVIP

Signals Systems Xueyong Zhu UESTC Foreword What are signals?—Functions of 1 or more independent variables What are systems?respond to particular signals by producing other signals or some desired behaviors How do they work? Foreword What shall we study?The concepts and techniqes of signals and systems analysis Why shall we study?Extraordinarily wide variety of applications 1.1 Continuous-time and discrete-time signals 1.2 Transformations of the Independent Variable 1.3 Exponential and Sinusoidal signal 1.4 The Unit Impulse and Unit Step Functions 1.5 Continuous-time and Discrete-time System 1.6 Basic System Properties 1 Signal and System Example 1.18 (LTI systems) 1 Signal and System (2) Parallel interconnection Series-Parallel interconnection 1 Signal and System (3) Feed-back interconnection 1 Signal and System Example of Feed-back interconnection 1 Signal and System 1.6.1 Systems with and without Memory Memoryless system: It’s output is dependent only on the input at the same time. Features: No capacitor, no conductor, no delayer. Examples of memoryless system: y(t) = C x(t) or y[n] = C x[n] Examples of memory system: or y[n]-0.5y[n-1]=2x[n] 1 Signal and System 1.6.1 Invertibility and Inverse Systems Definition: (1) If a system is invertible,then an inverse system exists. (2) An inverse system cascaded with the original system,yields an output equal to the input to the original system. 1 Signal and System 1 Signal and System 1.6.3 Causality Definition: A system is causal If the output at any time depends only on values of the input at the present time and in the past. For causal system, if x(t)=0 for tt0, there must be y(t)=0 for tt0. ( nonanticipative ) For example, y(t)= x(t+1) and y(t)= x(-t) are both noncausal . y(t)= x(t)cos(t+1) is a causal system. Note:Memoryless systems are causal. 1 Signal and System x(t) y(t) t1 t2 1 Signal and System 1.6.4 Stability Definition: Small inputs lead to responses that