Chinese Philosophy（教学课件）.pptVIP

LOGO He held that one could find innate good nature within ones own consciousness, ie innate goodness theory. 性善论 p234 LOGO He advocated the method of nourishing the vast, moving force浩然之气, which is produced by the accumulation of righteous deeds. Riches and honors cannot make him dissipate, poverty and mean condition cannot make him swerve, and power and force cannot make him bend himself. LOGO Mencius accepted the hierachically ordered fedual society in which he lived, and believed that rulers were divinely placed in order to guarantee peace and order among the people. Unlike Confucius, he placed far great stress on the responsibilites of the ruler for the welfare of people. 民为贵，社稷次之，君为轻。 p235 LOGO Mencius legends Mother Mong cut apart the cloth to teach the son a lesson 孟母断布教子 Mother Mong Removed the Living place three times to provide the son with a good environment LOGO Xunzi The doctrines of the School of Xunzi are a development of those of Confucius in the direction of naturalism and rationalism. LOGO Xun Zis philosophy 1 2 3 4 Dao(the way and the Heaven ) Human nature Education Ritual LOGO Dao/Way Way means human way , the way of good government and the proper way of behaving, not the Way of Heaven or Nature as Laozi and Zhuangzi defined it. Dao is first pointed out by particularly wise and gifted people(sages) and following the Dao will result in a stable, prosperous, peaceful society. LOGO Xun Zi did not believe Heaven gets involved in human affairs. He advanced the doctrine that Heaven is a purely natural and mechanical process running its own courses. 天行有常，不为尧存，不为桀亡。 He believed men could master their fate and conquer nature for their good. LOGO Human nature Humankind is evil by nature, and human nature will evitably lead to greed and strife if left untrained. In spite of his gloomy view of humanitys original nature, Xun Zi saw people as perfectible through education and application of the proper rules of conduct. In brief, human nature is bad