4.3 Unit 4 Grammar Writing—《K三关》2017-2018学年高一英语人教必修3.doc

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars Grammar：主语从句 一、主语从句的概念与连接词 作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。引导主语从句的连接词有： 1. 从属连词that，whether。 ?That they were true sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们的确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 ?Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。 ?What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。 ?Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。 3. 连接副词 where, when, how, why。 ?How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 ?How and why he suddenly disappeared remains a mystery. 他怎么又为什么突然消失仍然是个迷。 【特别注意】 ?连词that引导的主语从句，通常用形式主语it代替主语从句。 ?连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句，可以用形式主语it代替主语从句，也可直接放在句首使用主语从句。 主语从句通常都是放在句首，但有时为了使句子结构平衡，避免＂头重脚轻＂，常用it作形式主语，而把从句放在后面。这样就构成了下面一些常用句型： (1)It is + n. / adj. +从句 It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是…… It is possible that... 很可能…… It is unlikely that... 不可能…… ?It is a pity that she has made such a mistake. 她犯了这样一个错误，真是遗憾。 (2)It +不及物动词+从句 It seems/appears that... 似乎…… It happened that... 碰巧…… ?It seems that they have won the game. 似乎他们赢得了比赛。 (3)It + be +过去分词+从句 It is said that... 据说…… It is known to all that... 众所周知…… It is reported that... 据报道…… It is believed that... 据信……；人们相信…… It is suggested that... 有人建议…… It must be pointed out that... 必须指出…… It has been proved that... 已证明…… ?It is believed that at least 20 buildings were damaged or destroyed. 据信，至少有二十座楼房遭到破坏或彻底毁掉。 ?It is suggested that the meeting should be put off. 有人建议会议延期召开。 ?It’s reported that three people were killed in the accident and five were hurt badly. 据报道，事故中三人丧生，五人重伤。 ?It is known to all that Taiwan is an inseparable part of China. 众所周知，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。 二、主语从句三要素 1. 从句用陈述语序 ?How he became a great scientist is known to us all. 众所周知他是如何成为一名伟大的科学家的Whatever he says is of no importance. 无论他说什么都不重要。 ?Whoever says that is wrong. 无论谁说这话都不对。 【特别提醒】 但谓语动词用单数还是复数，不可一概而论，而要视句子的意义而定。 ?What I need is money. 我需要的是钱。 ?What I need are books. 我需要的是书。 3. 通常不能省略关联词 ?That he is the best student in the class is obvious. 很明显他是班里最好的学生What is done can’t be undone. 已成定局，无可挽回。 What we can’t get se