高一英语 定语从句讲解及练习.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Attributive Clause 在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句的作用相当于形容词，用来修饰主句中的某一名词、代词或整个主句。被定语修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。 who指人：在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 whom指人：在定语从句中作宾语。 whose可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。 that 可指人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语. which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语. which引导的非限制性定语从句可修饰整个主句。 as可指物,在从句中作主语或宾语.也可引导非限制性定语从句,修饰整个主句。 关系代词: 典型错误 Thank you for the record that you gave it to me.(×) Thank you for the record that you gave me.(√) 无论是关系代词还是关系副词，都在定语从句中 取代了先行词，因此，先行词在定语从句中不复 出现。 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 和先行词的关系密切（删去后影响整个句子意义的表达） 和先行词关系不密切（是一种补充说明，删掉后不影响整个意思的表达。） 不用逗号分开 一般使用逗号分开 可用关系代词that引导 不可以用关系代词that引导 可以省略（that, who, which在从句中担当宾语时可以省略） 不可以省略 可以替代（whom作宾语时，可用who或that替代） 不能替代 只可以修饰先行词，不可以修饰主句或主句的一部分 修饰整个文句或文句的一部分，此时定语从句前有逗号分开，只能由which或as引导 两种定语从句在意义上的区别 In their classes there are 15 students who can speak English well. In their classes there are 15 students, who can speak English well. She has two sons who are P.L.A. men. She has two sons, who are P.L.A. men. 不止１５个学生 只有１５个学生 不止两个，其余的可能不当兵 只有两个，都是解放军 １．先行词是one, anyone, those, he时宜用who. Anyone who breaks the law shall be punished. Those who are against the plan put up your hands please. ２．在非限制性定语从句中 His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. （一）．只用who的情况 ３．当先行词与定语从句被其他词所分隔时 I met a foreigner in the street yesterday who could ask me questions in Chinese. ４．在there be开头的句子中 There is an old man who wants to see you. ５．一句中有两个定语从句，前一个定语从句的关系词是that，另一个只用who． The boy that you met last night is the group leader who studies very hard. （二）只用that的情况 １．当先行词是everything, anything, nothing, all, none, few, little，或当先行词被every, any, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时． Is there any question that troubles you much? ２．当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级, the only, the very, the last等词修饰时． Is this the first time that you have come to our city? Li ming is the only one that got full marks in our class. ３．当先行词是由人和物构成的名词词组时． Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? ４．主句是以who, which开头的疑问句或先行词是疑问