CO2的转化和利用以及其中催化的作用.pptVIP

The conversion and utilization of CO2 and the role of catalysis 易光铨 2008.05.21 Introduction Introduction Utilization of CO2 Utilization of CO2 Using ‘‘Molecular Basket’’ adsorbent for CO2 separation Using ‘‘Molecular Basket’’ adsorbent for CO2 separation Using ‘‘Molecular Basket’’ adsorbent for CO2 separation Using CO2 to replace phosgene: dimethyl carbonate synthesis Using CO2 to replace phosgene: dimethyl carbonate synthesis Summary and conclusions * * Chunshan Song. Catalysis Today 115 (2006) 2–32 The atmospheric CO2 concentration has risen sharply in the 20th century There are increasing concerns for global climate change and thus heightened interest worldwide for reducing the emissions of CO2 Five broadly defined technical options for control of CO2 emissions: energy choices energy efficiency CO2 capture CO2 sequestration CO2 utilization Chance for catalysis CO2: O=C=O Use CO2 for environmentally benign physical and/or chemical processing that adds value to the process Use CO2 to produce industrially useful chemicals and materials that adds value to the products Use CO2 as a beneficial fluid for processing or as a medium for energy recovery, contaminant removal, and emission reduction Source of carbon and carbonyl group Supercritical fluid for extraction Dry ice for refrigeration Urea synthesis Reforming of CH4 Replace phosgene: dimethyl carbonate synthesis Challenges for CO2 utilization: Costs of CO2 capture, separation, purification, and transportation to user site. Market size limitations, little investment-incentives and lack of industrial commitments for enhancing CO2-based chemicals. Lack of socio-economical driving forces for enhanced CO2 utilization. CO2 separation is often viewed as the first step for chemical utilization. Combining the advantages of both MCM-41 and polyethylenimine (PEI) may lead to highly-selective and high-capacity adsorbent of CO2. With the increase in PEI loading, the surface area