农业科研与贫困AgriculturalRandamp;Dandamp;Poverty.pptVIP

Agricultural RD Poverty Huqu Zhai (President) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences ( CAAS) Background(1) Since reform and opening-up ,Chinese government has taken large scale actions to solve subsistence of the poor, invested actively in public goods, like agricultural research, education, road, communication and irrigation. As a result, the population below poverty line in rural China has declined remarkably from 250 million in 1978 to 20 millions now, and the incidence of rural poverty has declined from 31% to 2.5% . China is one of the most successful countries in reducing poverty in the world. Background(2) Technology is the first productivity. During the past decades, agricultural RD has played an important role in China’s agriculture growth, productivity improvement, which in turn increasing the farmers’ income, reducing poverty, realizing food security and society stabilization. Outline Ⅰ. Agricultural RD is one source of agriculture growth Ⅱ. The role of agricultural RD in reducing poverty Ⅲ. Challenge to agricultural RD in China’s poverty alleviation Ⅳ. Key actions for future poverty alleviation through agricultural RD Ⅰ. Agricultural RD is one source of agriculture growth （1） Like many other developing countries, China’s agricultural RD contributes significantly to agricultural growth. Since 1978, the annual average growth rate of agricultural GDP is more than 4%, of which, the share of productivity growth’s contribution is about 71%. Ⅰ. Agricultural RD is one source of agriculture growth(2) With the improving of China’s market mechanism, the effects of institutional innovation to agriculture growth is limited; arable land and agricultural labor are fewer and fewer, thus, agriculture growth will further depend on the development of agricultural technology. Ⅱ. The role of Agricultural RD in reducing poverty(1) Return to agricultural RD investment is high Some studies indicate that the average return rate of agricultural RD investmen