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DIOPHANTINE-APPROXIMATION-ON-PLANAR-CURVES:THE-CONVERGENCE-THEORY
DIOPHANTINE APPROXIMATION ON PLANAR CURVES: THE
CONVERGENCE THEORY
R.C. VAUGHAN AND S. VELANI
Abstract. The convergence theory for the set of simultaneously -approximable points lying
on a planar curve is established. Our results complement the divergence theory developed in [1]
and thereby completes the general metric theory for planar curves.
Mathematics Subject Classification 2000: Primary 11J83; Secondary 11J13, 11K60.
Dedicated to Walter Hayman and Klaus Roth on their eightieth birthdays.
1. Introduction and Statement of Results
1.1. The motivation. In this paper we establish variants of Conjecture 1 of Beresnevich
et al [1] that are sufficient to establish Conjecture 2 and Conjecture H of [1]. Conjecture
1 is firmly rooted in replacing the upper bound in Huxley’s theorem [3, Theorem 4.2.4]
on rational points near planar curves by a bound which is essentially best possible. Es-
tablishing Conjecture 2 and Conjecture H completes the general metric theory (i.e. the
Lebesgue and Hausdorff measure theories) for planar curves.
More precisely, let η ξ, I = [η,ξ] and f : I → R be such that f′′ is continuous on
I and and bounded away from 0. For convenience we suppose that at the end points
of I the appropriate one sided first and second derivatives exist. Let : R+ → R+ be
an approximating function, that is, a real, positive decreasing function with (t) → 0 as
t → ∞, and define, as in [1],
N (Q,ψ,I) := card{p/q ∈ Q2 : q ≤ Q, p /q ∈ I, |f (p /q) − p /q| (Q)/Q}. (1.1)
f 1 1 2
Here p/q := (
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