高中英语译林版必修3(单元加餐练+课时跟踪练+高考提能练+教学案设计)：Unit-3-Section-4.doc

INCLUDEPICTURE灰长条4-2+.TIF INCLUDEPICTURE方语法.TIF eq \a\vs4\al\co1(宾语补足语，either ... or ...,和neither ... nor ...，,主谓一致,,[语法初识]) 原句感知自主探究①They named their child John. ②He beat her black and blue. ③Im sorry to have kept you waiting so long a time. ④She asked me to answer the phone in her absence. ⑤The boy cut the apple into small cubes. ⑥I saw you out with your friends last night. ⑦Either you or she has to go there. ⑧Neither I nor he knows the fact. ⑨He is either a doctor or a teacher. eq \o(○,\s\up1(10))He neither sang nor danced at the party. ?Do you speak either English or French? ?She likes neither noodles nor dumplings. ?Lets go there either by train or by plane. ?She lives neither in Beijing nor in Shanghai. ? His secretary often answers the phone for him. ?The whole class are watching a football match. ?There is a pen and some pencils in my pencil-case.(1)①～⑥句中的黑体部分均为宾语补足语；它分别由①名词，② _形容词短语，③_分词，④_动词不定式，⑤_介词短语，⑥ _副词充当。 (2)either ...or ...和neither ...nor ...的作用是连接 _并列词(组)或等同的句子(成分)。在⑦～?句中它们分别连接：⑦句、⑧句为并列主语，⑨句为并列表语，eq \o(○,\s\up1(10))句为并列谓语，?句、?句为并列宾语，?句、?句为并列状语。 (3)英语句子中的主语和谓语要在_人称和_数上保持一致，称为主谓一致。它一般遵循三个原则，即_?句语法一致原则，?句逻辑意义一致原则和?句就近一致原则。 [语法剖析] 语法点一宾语补足语　　宾语补足语(Object Complement)放在宾语后面，用来补充说明宾语所表示人或事物所发出的动作，或者说明宾语的状态、特性、身份等。宾语补足语可以由不定式、分词(现在分词和过去分词)、名词、代词、形容词、介词短语或副词充当。 (一)使役动词后宾语补足语的用法 常见的使役动词有：make, have, get, leave, keep。它们都表示“使得”，后面可接“宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，但用法上有所不同。 1．make用作使役动词表示“使；使成为”时，可跟复合结构，即“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，其中的宾语补足语可以是形容词、名词、不带to的不定式、过去分词。 A good friend is a person who makes you happy. 好朋友是一个使你快乐的人。(形容词作宾补) We made her monitor of our class. 我们选她做班长。(名词作宾补) However, several things combined to make me change my mind. 然而有好几件事凑在一起，使我改变了主意。(不定式作宾补) I had to raise my voice to make myself heard over the loud noise. 在嘈杂声中我只好提高声音以便别人听清我说的话。(过去分词作宾补) [名师点津]　当省略to的不定式作make的宾语补足语，变为被动语态时一定要加上to。 The boy often makes his little sister cry, but he was made to cry just now. 那个男孩常常惹得他小妹妹哭，但是刚才他被惹哭了。 2．have表示“使得……”，其后接宾语补足语，常用以下句型： (1)have sb.do sth.使/让某人做某事