lec05-专家系统.pptVIP

Lecture 5 Rule-based expert systems 基于规则的专家系统 朱金辉 产生式规则集合(The set of Production rules) 工作内存(Work Memory) 识别-动作(The recognize – act cycle) SCUT,AI * The human mental process is internal, and it is too complex to be represented as an algorithm. However, most experts are capable of expressing their knowledge in the form of rules for problem solving. IF the ‘traffic light’ is green THEN the action is go IF the ‘traffic light’ is red THEN the action is stop Rules as a knowledge representation technique The term rule in AI, which is the most commonly used type of knowledge representation. Any rule consists of two parts: the IF part, called the antecedent (premise or condition) and the THEN part called the consequent (conclusion or action). IF antecedentTHEN consequent A rule can have multiple antecedents joined by the keywords AND (conjunction), OR (disjunction) or a combination of both.IF antecedent 1AND antecedent 2 AND antecedent n THEN consequent . . . . . . IF antecedent 1 OR antecedent 2 OR antecedent n THEN consequent The antecedent of a rule incorporates two parts: an object (linguistic object) and its value. The object and its value are linked by an operator. IF ‘age of the customer’ 18 AND ‘cash withdrawal’ 1000 THEN ‘signature of the parent’ is required In the early seventies, Newell and Simon from Carnegie-Mellon University proposed a production system model, the foundation of the modern rule- based expert systems. The production model is based on the idea that humans solve problems by applying their knowledge (expressed as production rules) to a given problem represented by problem-specific information. The production rules are stored in the long-term memory and the problem-specific information or facts in the short-term memory. Structure of a rule-based expert system Production system model 产生式系统模型 Inference engine cycles via a match-fire procedure Fig 6.1 A produc