美国经济专题 复习资料4.pptVIP

Issuing Bonds. A bond is a written promise to pay back a specific amount of money at a certain date or dates in the future. In the interim, bondholders receive interest payments at fixed rates on specified dates. Holders can sell bonds to someone else before they are due. 7. How Corporations Raise Capital issuing bond 发行债券 exchequer bond (bill) 国库券 interim 期间，过度时期 due 到期的 中国国家债务发行情况 亿元 7. How Corporations Raise Capital Issuing Preferred Stock. A company may choose to issue new “preferred” stock to raise capital. Buyers of these shares have special status in the event the underlying company encounters financial trouble. If profits are limited, preferred-stock owners will be paid their dividends after bondholders receive their guaranteed interest payments but before any common stock dividends are paid. issuing preferred stock 发行优先股 encounter 遭遇，相遇 underlying 该，潜在的，优先的 bondholder preferred-stock owner common stock owner 1 2 3 7. How Corporations Raise Capital Selling Common Stock. If a company is in good financial health, it can raise capital by issuing common stock. Typically, investment banks help companies issue stock, agreeing to buy any new shares issued at a set price if the public refuses to buy the stock at a certain minimum price. Although common shareholders have the exclusive right to elect a corporations board of directors, they rank behind holders of bonds and preferred stock when it comes to sharing profits. selling common stock 销售普通股 exclusive 排外的，唯一的 7. How Corporations Raise Capital Borrowing. Companies can also raise short-term capital -- usually to finance inventories--by getting loans from banks or other lenders. inventory 库存 中国外债余额 亿美元 7. How Corporations Raise Capital Using profits. As noted, companies also can finance their operations by retaining their earnings. Strategies concerning retained earnings vary. Some corporations, especially electric, gas, and other utilities, pay out most of their profits as dividends to their stockholders. re