19---虚拟语气.ppt

虚拟语气 表达： 不可能发生的情况 实现的可能性不大的情况 单纯的主观想法或意愿 非真实条件句 从句 主句should /would/could/might 现在 did should / would do 过去 had done should / would have done 将来 should do did were to do should / would do 现在情况虚拟 If I were you，I should / would invite her. （事实：我不可能是你） 我要是你就邀请她。 If there were no air, people would die. (事实：地球上既有空气也有水) 如果没有空气，人就会死亡。 假如生活中没有困难，生活就过于平淡了。 （事实：生活中会有困难） Life might be too smooth if it had no difficulties in it. 过去情况虚拟 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话） If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.  如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了。 If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her. 将来情况的虚拟 如果他哪天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。 （事实：来的可能性很小） If he would come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him.  将来情况的虚拟 如果他哪天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。 （事实：来的可能性很小） If he would come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him.  如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事得始末。（来的可能性很小） If she were to be there next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.   错综时间条件句的虚拟 If you had accepted my advice，you would not be in hospital now. 假如我们借鉴了过去的经验，我们现在的情形会是怎样？ Where would we be today if we had looked at our past experience. wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟 现在虚拟 有时我希望自己生活在一个不同的时代和不同的地方。 Sometimes I wish I were living in a different time and a different place. 我希望我有你那样的头脑。 I wish I had your brains. 过去虚拟 我希望从来没遇到过他。 I wish I had never met him. 我希望我原来知道这件事的真相。 I wish I had known the truth of the matter. 将来虚拟 但愿物价能够降下来。 come down I wish prices would（should） come down. 我希望我还能有一次这样的机会。 I wish I should（would） have a chance again. 主句中有以下含义的词： advise. suggest. propose. desire.prefer.order. command.demand. require. request. insist 无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用： 主动：should + 动词原形 被动：should + be + 动词过去分词should可以省略 主语从句中的虚拟 It is suggested / requested / recommended that 建议筹集足够的资金来支持这项工程。 It is suggested that enough money （should） be collected to fund the project. 表情绪、观点的形容词或名词也要用虚拟语气。 It is necessary / important / vital / essential / that… 筹集足够的资金来支持这项工程是非常重要的。 It is vital that enough money （should） be collected to fund the project