毕业设计论文-电子车速里程表的设计.doc

摘要 车速里程表广泛应用于各种机车，传统的机械式车速里程表虽然稳定可靠，但功能单一，易受磨损。随着电子技术的迅猛发展，电子式车速里程表得以广泛应用，现在很多轿车仪表已经开始使用电子车速里程表。本设计介绍一种基于单片机的智能车速里程表，该表是一种数字式仪表，不仅可以实时显示汽车的车速及行驶的总里程，也可以显示一段时间的阶段里程，还可以显示温度，以及实现超速报警功能。它的实现方式是：在车轮上安装一个很小的强力磁钢，在其侧正对面安装霍尔传感器A44e,在车辆行驶过程中，车轮每转一圈，霍尔传感器便相应产生一次高低电平变化，通过单片机记录处理这种电平变化的量，便知道一定时间车轮的转数，通过设定车轮的周长，再由单片机处理这些数据便可知道汽车的车速及里程了，并由LED显示器显示出来。由于单片机每一秒钟处理一次信号量，并将相关的里程信息存储在非易失性EEPROM中，所以车速及里程信息是实时更新的。 关键词：STC89C52RE单片机；A44E霍尔传感器；DS18B20温度传感器;AT24C02存储器；LED Abstract The speedometer is widely used in a variety of locomotives,the traditional mechanical speedometer stable and reliable ,but function of a single ,vulnerable to wear.With the rapid development of electronic technology ,electronic speedometer.This design introduces a micro-controller-based smart speedometer,the table is a digital meter,the total mileage of the vehicle speed and driving can not only real-time display can also display the speed alarm function .Its implementation is:install a small strong magnet on the wheels,installed in the side opposite the Hall sensor A44E,each turn in process of vehicle ,Hall sensor will produce a level of power corresponding level chang ,by micro-controller record deal with this level the amount of change ,we will know the number of revolutions of the wheel of a certain period of time ,and then processed by the micro-controller by setting the wheel circumference ,these data will know the’s speed and mileage by LED display .Micro-controller every minute of processing time semaphores and related mileage information is stored in nonvolatile EEPROM,so the speed and mileage information is updated in real time. Keywords:STC89C52RE micro-controller;the A44E hall sensor;DS18B20 temperature sensor;AT24C02;LED 目录 摘要 I 关键词 I Abstract II Keywords II 目录 III 引言 1 １系统总述 2 1.1系统原理 2 1.2系统功能及按键功能 3 1.3产品设计参数及应用范围 4 2硬件设计 5 2.1单片机及时钟复位电路 5 2.1.1STC89C52RE单片机介绍 5 2.1.2时钟复位电路 7 2.2测速传感器 7 2.2.1传感器的选择 7 2.2.2霍尔传感器工作原理及电路连接 8 2.3温度传感器DS18B20 9 2.4存储器AT24C02 12 2.5键盘单元 13 2.6显示单元 13 2.7报警电路 14 2.7