cu2ocu纳米复合材料的控制合成及其光催化性能研究word格式论文.docx

的催化活性高出20%；过高的催化剂浓度和染料浓度都不利于催化反应的进行；溶液pH值对催化剂的活性影响很大；Cu2O/Cu复合催化剂对罗丹明B的吸附和降解最差；过氧化氢对催化过程的降解速度和催化剂的活性都有促进的作用；经多次循环使用，催化剂对普施安红、苯酚的降解率仍然可以达到80%以上；针对失活部分，采用超声清洗和溶剂热还原技术，可以使催化剂的活性得到有效的恢复。3.对Cu2O/Cu复合催化剂的催化机制做了初步探讨。在Cu2O/Cu复合材料中，存在着大量由Cu2O和Cu组成的异质结，光生载流子在异质结界面的分离，促进了催化剂的量子效率，提高了催化活性。溶剂热技术合成的Cu2O/Cu复合材料，是由Cu2O原位还原制得的，Cu和Cu2O纳米粒子间的紧密接触促进了电荷的输运过程，有效的提高了催化活性。本文不采用任何模板和添加剂，利用溶剂热方法一次性合成不同形貌，不同Cu2O/Cu比例的复合纳米材料，方法简单可行，制备成本低。合成的催化剂对有机染料和苯酚的降解具有很高的催化活性，且可以回收利用，有望在污水处理等方面获得应用。关键词：光催化；Cu2O/Cu；纳米自组装；异质结AbstractSmiconductor-basedphotocatalysts,activatedbyilluminationatroomtemperature,areusedfordegradationoforganicpollutantsbyredoxreaction.TheyhavebeenappliedfordecompositionofwaterintoO2andH2,deodorization,antisepsis,sterilizationandpollutedwaterprocessingaswell.However,TiO2-basedphotocatalystscanonlybeactivatedbyultraviolet(UV)lightbecauseoftheirbroadbandgap,henceonlylessthan5%solarenergycanbeutilized.Recently,theexplorationofnovel,highlyefficientphotocatalystsundervisiblelight(VL)hasbecomeoneofthemostimportantresearchareasforenvironmentalpollutioncontrolandrenewableenergysources.Asp-typesemiconductorwithsmallbandgap(Eg=2.0eV),cuprousoxide(Cu2O)hasbeenconsideredasthemostpromisingphotocatalystsbesidesTiO2,foritcanbeeasilyactivatedbyVL,hencecansufficientlyutilizesolarenergy.Duetotheeasyrecombinationofphotoelectronsandholes,puresemiconductorexhibitsverylowquantumefficiency.Therefore,Cu2O/Cunanocomposites(NCs)weresynthesized.Thephotocatalyticpropertiesondecompositionoforganicmaterials,andthemechanismofcatalyticreactionwerestudied.Themaincontentsofthisdissertationareasthefollowing:Cu2O/CuNCswithdifferentself-assemblynano-architecture,e.g.,3Dnanoflowers,hollowspheres,octahedraandhollowmicrocubes,werepreparedusinghydrothermaltechniquewithCu(NO3)2·3H2Oasaprecursor,andN,N-dimethylformamide(DMF)/ethanol(Et)assolvents,underdifferentexperimentalconditions.Theeffectoftheconcentrationofprecursor,reactiontime,temperature,andvolumnratioofsolventonhavestrongonthemicrostructureandphasecompositionofCu2O/