2005年考研英语传统阅读2005t1 精读解析(带单词版).doc

阅读精读强化 2005年Text1 Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. 每个人都希望拥有一份丰厚的薪酬。然而，当你获悉你的一个同事比你薪酬高的时候，你的快乐可能会消失 Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,” with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it all too monkey, as well. 事实上，如果他的名声不怎么好，你甚至可能会发怒。这样的行为被认为是所有人共有的。作为一种基本的假设，人们认为其他动物不具有如此精致发展的感觉。但是，乔治亚州亚特兰大诶默利大学的萨拉·布罗森和弗兰斯·德·瓦尔最近公开发表的研究报告认为，猴子也拥有嫉妒心。 The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, cooperative creatures, and they share their food tardily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males. Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de waal’s study. 研究者们研究了雌性棕色僧帽猴的行为。它们看起来很可爱。它们是性情温和，富有协作精神的生物，它们慢慢地分享他们的食物，总之，和它们的对照物女人类似，它们较雄性僧帽猴倾向于花费更多注意力在权衡“商品和服务”的价值上。这种特质使得它们成为了布罗森博士和瓦尔博士研究的完美候选目标。 The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different. 研究者们花费了两年的时间教它们的猴子们使用代币交换食物，一般地，这些猴子会十分开心的使用几片石块交换几片黄瓜切片。然而，当两只猴子被分开在毗连的笼子里面，以便让他们可以观察到其他猴子使用它们的石块换回什么东西的时候，它们的行为变得非常的不同。 In the world of capuchins grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received