药动力学与给药问题的建模(一室模型和二室模型) 数学专业毕业论文精选.doc

摘 要 随着社会的发展和人民生活水平的提高,医药卫生水平逐渐成了反映民生的一个重要指标,对临床上用药的要求也越来越高.大量研究表明,药物在完整的机体中,随着时间变化不断地进行着吸收、分布、转化和排泄,而且始终都处在一种动态变化的过程中.Abstract With the development of society and the improvement of peoples living standard, medicine and health gradually became an important index which reflects peoples livelihood, and the requirements for clinical medicine become much higher. A mass of research indicate that drugs in the whole body is carrying on the absorption, distribution, transformation and excretion as the time by, and always in a dynamic state. It is generally difficult for us to accurately describe the dynamic changes of the process. In clinic in order to improve the curative effect, avoid toxic effect. It is must to accurately describe the dynamic changes of the process and the establishment of dosing model is to solve this problem, so establishment and solution and analysis of give medicine model have important theory and application value. This paper firstly introduces the basic concept of pharmacokinetics, and according to the principle of dynamics drugs established one compartment model, two compartment model , then we do some analyzes and solving on the model, and get the main parameter value which reflect the dynamic changes of drugs ,then according to the calculation result gives dosing. Finally the paper expatiates outside blood-vessel many times repeat administration model establishment and solving, and according to kanamycin muscle note experimental results, and the experimental measurement value and the theoretical model for comparison, thus to validate the accuracy and reliability of the model. Keywords: Give medicine modeling; Clinical; Simulation; Application; Development 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 引 言 1 1 药动力学的基本知识 2 1.1 药物浓度变化 2 1.2 药物的消除类型在体内的代谢方式 2 1.3 房室模型的基本概念 3 1.4 药物代谢动力学的主要参数 3 1.5 表观分布容积 5 1.6 半衰期 5 1.7清除率 6 1.8多次给药的时间- 药物浓度曲线和稳态浓度 6 2 给药模型 7 2.1 一室模型的单剂量给药方案 7 2.1.1 单次快速静脉注射给药 7 2.1.2 恒速静脉注射给药 9 2.2 两室模型 13 2.2.1 两室模型药物静脉注射给药 13 2.2.2 各种动力学参数的计算 15