第1讲 传热传质的基本概念1.pptVIP

Heat and Mass Transfer 传热传质学 Primary Objectives: 1.Appreciating Physical effects that underlie Heat Transfer Phenomena; 2.Solving Methodologies of practical problems. Chapter 1: Basics of Heat Transfer In this Chapter we will answer the following questions: 1.What is Heat Transfer? And what is Mass Transfer? 2.How are they transferred? 3.Why are they important to study ? 传热的概念 Reference Text Books: 传热和传质基本原理 葛新石等译 2007 冯妍卉 贾力 张欣欣 彭晓峰 改编传热学. 北京：高等教育出版社，2007 Basic Definitions: Heat Transfer (or, Heat ) is Energy in Transit as the result of a Temperature Difference. Three Models of Heat Transfer Processes: Conduction Convection Thermal Radiation 定义 温差作用下的能量传递现象称传热 热量传递的三种基本方式 导热 热传导 热对流 热辐射 Mass Transfer is Mass in Transit as the Result of a Species Concentration Difference in a Mixture. 混合物中物质在浓度差作用下的物质迁移 Two Models of Mass Transfer Processes: Diffusion 质扩散 Convection Mass Transfer 对流传质 Conduction When a temperature gradient exists in a stationary medium, which may be a solid or a fluid, we use the term Conduction to refer to the heat transfer that will occur across the medium. 通常导热发生于有温差的固体内部，但对于静止的流体内部，若存在温差同样会发生单纯的导热现象 即便是运动着的流体内部，一旦有温差，热传导现象还是存在！ Convection The term Convection refers to heat transfer that will occur between a surface and a moving fluid when they are at different temperatures . 三个要素： 1 流体与固体外表面之间 2 两者间有温差 3 流体流动 热对流 The net heat transfer by radiation between two surfaces at different temperatures is called Thermal Radiation. Thermal Radiation 热辐射 In fact, the thermal radiation will happens between the surfaces more than two in practice. This may take more complicated method to solve it. 2.Physical Mechanisms: 物理机理 As engineers it is important that we understand the physical mechanisms that underlie the heat transfer models and that we are able to use the rate equations that quantify the amount of energy being transferred per unit time. 2.1 Conduction atomic and molecular activity the transfer of energy from the more energetic to