缓释氮肥-聚羰基脲的合成工艺分析word格式论文.docxVIP

The synthesis of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer-polymer carbonyl urea and study of process conditionsABSTRACTThis thesis with urea as the starting material, methanol as conversion agent, the slow release nitrogen fertilizer-polymer carbonyl urea was synthesized through two steps reaction. First, urea and methanol as raw material, urea translated methyl carbamate (MC) under high temperature, medium pressure, without the presence of catalyst made; Second, MC as raw material, urea as sealing agent, polymer carbonyl urea (PCU) was synthesized in the presence of initiator, at the same time, recovery of methanol, the recycle of methanol is realized. The first step reaction by-product of ammonia was recoveried and transfered into the urea synthesis device, the urea is synthesized throught by-product of ammonia react with carbon dioxide, ammonia and greenhouse gas carbon dioxide recycle were realized.The methyl carbamate was synthesized with urea and methanol as raw materials. The product was characterized by melting point and infrared spectrum (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and other modern detection means, which confirm that product was methyl carbamate; Through orthogonal and optimization experiments, the optimum reaction condition for synthesis of methyl carbamate was obtained as follows: reaction temperaturewas 160℃, reaction time was 3 h, n (urea):n (methanol)=1:7; By the method of eliminatingby-product ammonia, the chemical equilibrium moves in the direction of positive reaction, reaction conversion rate increased from 58.9% to 85.7%.Polymer carbonyl urea was synthesized under the condition of methyl carbamate as a raw material, potassium methoxide or potassium carbonate as the initiator, and urea as sealing agent. The structure of polymer was characterized by melting point and infrared spectrum (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR), structure of product has been confirmed as polymer carbonyl urea; The thermal stabili