Chapter 3 Press Process and Die Design（冷冲压工艺及模具）.ppt

Chapter 3 Press Process and Die Design（冷冲压工艺及模具） Lesson 5 Forming of Sheet Metals Lesson 6 Press Process and Product Application Lesson 7 Classification of Dies Lesson 8 Presses Chapter 3 Press Process and Die Design（冷冲压工艺及模具） Lesson 9 Shear Operation Lesson 10 Bending Operation Lesson 11 Drawing Operation Lesson 12 Compound and Progressive Dies Lesson 5 Forming of Sheet Metals Sheet metals are generally characterized by a high ratio of surface area to thickness.Forming of sheet metals is carried out generally by tensile forces in the plane of the sheet; otherwise the application of compressive forces could lead to buckling,folding,and wrinkling of the sheet. In bulk deformation processes such as forging,rolling,extrusion,and wire drawing,there is an intentional change in the thickness or the lateral dimensions of the workpiece.However,in most sheet-forming processes any thickness change is due to the stretching of the sheet under Lesson 5 Forming of Sheet Metals tensile stresses(Poissons ratio).Thickness decreases should generally be avoided as they could lead to necking and failure. Method of Sheet Shearing The shearing process involves cutting sheet metal by subjecting it to shear stresses,usually between a punch and a die much like a paper punch.The punch and die may be any shape;they may be circular or straight blades similar to a pair of scissors.The major variables in the shearing process are:the punch force P,the speed of the punch,lubrication,surface condition and materials of the Lesson 5 Forming of Sheet Metals punch and die,their corner radii,and the clearance between the punch and the die. In addition to the shearing processes described above,there are other techniques for cutting sheet metals.The sheet or plate may be cut with a saw,such as a band saw.This is a chip removal process.In another process,called shaving,the extra material from a rough sheared edge is trimmed by cutting(similar to removing a thin layer of wood with a chisel). Flame cutting i