solution of elastic problemsstress concentration 弹塑性力学讲义　英文版　方案策划.pptVIP

Another solution: Fig.2 represents a plate submitted to a uniform tension of magnitude S in the x direction. If a small circular hole is made in the middle of the plate, the stress distribution in the neighborhood of the hole will be changed, but we can conclude from Saint-Venant’s principle that the change is negligible at distances which are large compared with a, the radius of the hole. Fig.2 Solution of Elastic Problems — stress concentration at the edge of the hole Consider the portion of the plate within a concentric circle of radius b, large in comparison with a. The stresses at the radius b are effectively the same as in the plate without the hole and are therefore given by These forces, acting around the outside of the ring having the inner and outer radii r=a and r=b, give a stress distribution within the ring which we regard as consisting of two parts. The first is due to the constant component 1/2S of the normal forces.The stresses it produces can be calculated by means of Eqs.(m).The remaining part, consisting of the normal forces S/2cos2θ,together with the shearing forces –S/2sin2θ, produces stresses that may be derived from a stress function of the form (p) Substituting this into the compatibility equation We find the following ordinary differential equation to determine f(r): The general solution is The stress function is therefore And the corresponding stress components, from Eqs.(b), are The constants of integration are now to be determined from conditions (p) for the outer boundary and from the condition that the edge of the hole is free from external forces. These conditions give (q) Solving these equations and putting a/b =0, that is, assuming an infinitely large plate, we obtain Substituting these values of constants into Eqs. (d) and adding the stresses produced by the uniform tension 1/2S on the outer boundary calculated from Eqs. (m) we find (r) Having the solution (d) for tension for compression in one