选修7 unit1 grammar Infinitive.ppt

动词不定式的作用 Functions of Infinitive 1 主语 (subject) 2 宾语 (object) 3 表语 (predicative) 4 定语 (attribute) 5 状语 (adverbial) 6 宾补 (object complement) 2 使役动词( let, have, make)后边作宾补时，省去to, 但是在被动语态中要还原to. Let me hear you play the piano. They made the workers work day and night The workers _________________ day and night. 不定式的时态:1.一般式 to do I am glad to see you. He has decided to give her some money. 表示的动作通常与谓语所表示的动作 或状态同时或者几乎同时发生，或是 在他之后发生。 2.不定式的进行式to be doing I am very glad to be working with you. He pretended to be working hard when his boss passed him. 不定式的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 3.不定式的完成式 to have done He happened to have seen the film before. The novel is believed to have been translated into Chinese. a.不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动作 或状态之前。 He wanted to have met you at the airport, but he didn’t get there in time. b.表示过去没有实现的期待或者计划 hoped, promised, wanted, wished, expected, planned… I would like to have given her the gift. He would like to have played the violin at the concert. c.不定式的完成式在would like后边表示 未能实现的愿望。 不定式的语态 主动语态 to do 被动语态 to be done It is an honor for me to be invited to attend the meeting. Everyone likes the hero to be praised. ?省略to 1.不定式做表语时，一般要带to，但若主语部分中含有do的各种形式时。 2.两个或多个不定式短语由连词and?,but或or连接时，后一个或几个不定式符号to常省略。 3.but?作介词，后接不定式结构时，前面谓语动词部分若含有实义do?的某种形式时，but?后的不定式要省去to?。否则要带to。 ?省略do 1.We asked him to stay till the next day, but he refused to. 2.Are you a teacher? Yes, and I have to be. * 动词不定式 ? ? ? ? 1. Seeing is to believe. To see is believing. Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. × √ √ × 3 不定式作表语 不定式常用在系动词 be, seem, appear, get, remain等后作表语． All you have to do is (to) finish the job quickly. 2. My job is to help the patients. 如果主语部分有个表示不定式内容的do, 用作表语的不定式可省略to 4 不定式作定语 (常表将来的动作) 1. 不定式做定语常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后 She was very busy and had no time to visit her friends. 2. 当名词被the first ,the last, the only 等词以及形容词最高级修饰时 She is always the first to come and the last to leave. Parents are th