6-BA和GA4+7喷施处理及其他措施促进长富2号苹果幼苗分枝效果.doc

6-BA和GA4+7喷施处理及其他措施促进长富2号苹果幼苗分枝的效果 　　摘 要： 以八楞海棠+M26+长富2号苹果苗为试材研究了6-BA单独喷施、6-BA和GA4+7等量混合物喷施、摘心、摘叶和刻芽等处理促进苹果幼苗分枝的效果。结果表明，6-BA及6-BA和GA4+7等量混合物喷施处理能够有效地促进苹果幼苗产生分枝；相同施用浓度下，6-BA和GA4+7等量混合物喷施处理的效果要优于单独使用6-BA，其适宜的质量浓度为1 500 mg?L-1。摘叶和刻芽不能促进幼苗分枝产生；摘心可促使幼苗产生少量的长枝，但存在分枝数量少、新生主枝细弱和分枝角度较小等问题。摘叶结合6-BA或6-BA和GA4+7等量混合物的施用在低质量浓度（500 mg?L-1）下可以显著提高促分枝效果，高质量浓度（1 000~2 000 mg?L-1）时提高作用表现的不显著。综合实验结果，建议生产中采用1 500 mg?L-1 6-BA和GA4+7等量混合物喷施的方式培育带分枝苹果苗木。 　　关键词： 苹果幼苗 ； 6-苄基嘌呤（6-BA）； 赤霉素（GA4+7）； 摘叶； 摘心； 分枝 　　中图分类号：Ｓ６６1．1 文献标识码：Ａ 文章编号：１００９－９９８０?穴２０11?雪０6－1071－０6 　　 　　Effects of 6-BA and GA4+7 as well as other manual measures on branches formation of apple nursery stock 　　ZHANG Qing-wei， SONG Chun-hui， XING Li-bo， HAN Ming-yu*， ZHAO Cai-ping， LI Gao-chao 　　（College of Horticulture， Northwest AF University， Yangling，Shaanxi 712100 China） 　　Abstract: The apple （Malus domestica Borth.） cultivar Fuji Nagafu No.2 was used to study the effects of 6-BA，equal mixture of 6-BA and GA4+7， leaf removing， pinching and bud notching on improving branching of nursery stock with M26 as interstock and M. robusta Rehd. as rootstock. The results showed that spraying treatments of 6-BA and the equal mixture of 6-BA and GA4+7 were effective for improving seedlings branching situation. When applying same concentration the mixture treatment’s effect was better than 6-BA alone and the most appropriate concentration was 1 500 mg?L-1. Leaf removing and bud notching could not make nursery stock produce any lateral branches；though pinching treatment could produce a small number of long shoots， it could not meet requirement because of its narrow branching angle and thin new-built leader. The treatment combining leaf removing with 6-BA or the mixture spraying gained better effect than 6-BA or the mixture spraying alone when applying lower spraying concentration （500 mg?L-1）； but this improvement could not obtained when applying higher spraying concentration （1 000 to 2 000 mg?L-1）. According to the experiment result