Chapter 14 The Tanks-In-Series Model 化学反应工程 教程文件.pptVIP

化 学 反 应 工 程 Chapter 14 The Tanks-In-Series Model This model can be used whenever the dispersion model is used; and for not too large a deviation from plug flow both models give identical results, for all practical purposes. Which model you use depends on your mood(心情) and taste. The tanks-in-series model is simple, can be used with any kinetics, and it can be extended without too much difficulty to any arrangement of compartments, with or without recycle. 化 学 反 应 工 程 Figure 14.1 The tanks-in-series model 化 学 反 应 工 程 14.1 PULSE RESPONSE EXPERIMENTS AND THE RTD Figure 14.1 shows the system we are considering. We also define Then and at any particular time, from Eq.11 in Chapter 11 化 学 反 应 工 程 For the first tank. Consider a steady flow  m3/s of fluid into and out of the first of these ideal mixed flow units of volume V1. At time t = 0 inject a pulse of tracer into the vessel which when evenly(均匀地) distributed in the vessel (and it is) has a concentration C0 (C0 = M/ V1). At any time t after the tracer is introduced make a material balance, thus 化 学 反 应 工 程 In symbols this expression becomes where C1 is the concentration of tracer in tank “1.” Separating and integrating then gives or 化 学 反 应 工 程 For the Nth tank. Integration for the 3rd, 4th,  Nth tank becomes more complicated so it is simpler to do all of this by Laplace transforms. The RTD’s, means and variances, both in time and dimensionless time were first derived by MacMulin and Weber (1935) and are summarized by Eq.3. 化 学 反 应 工 程 Graphically these equations are shown in Fig.14.2. The properties of the RTD curves are sketched in Fig.14.3. (3) 化 学 反 应 工 程 化 学 反 应 工 程 Figure 14.2 RTD curves for the tanks-in-series model, Eq.3. 化 学 反 应 工 程 Figure 14.3 Properties of the RTD curve for the tanks-in-series model. 化 学 反 应 工 程 14.2 CHEMICAL CONVERSION First-Order Reaction Chapter 6 develops the conversion equation. Thus for first-order reactions in one tank for N tanks in series A