能见度和视程障碍现象9.pptVIP

能见度和视程障碍现象 Horizontal visibility below fog limits Vertical visibility is good because fog is usually only a few hundred feet deep Sun rays reflected strongly off haze or fog obscuring visibility Effect depends on the angle of the sun and plane Pilot dazzled by glare, thus not able to see ground below Visibility is poor inside and above low stratus or elevated haze layer But below stratus and elevated haze layer, the visibility is good 能见度测量方式 人工观测 物体的形状 、颜色、大小… 目标物的亮度和背景的亮度 观测员的视力、心理因素 空气的透明程度 自动观测 不能象人工观测那样直接测量，只能通过测量光线在大气中的衰减的方法 消光系数 气象光学视程 (MOR) 测量设备 大气投射仪 直接测量基线（30-75米）内的光线的衰减 MOR 定义 27