电子与通信技术 知识专业英语（第4版）Unit 2 Reading Material.pptVIP

PART1 7. Digital Voltmeter A voltmeter is used to measure the voltage in volts. A voltmeter is always connected across the two point of the device under test. Since voltmeters are always connected in parallel with the component or components under test, any current through the voltmeter will contribute to the overall current in the tested circuit, potentially affecting the voltage being measured. An electronic digital voltmeter gives a reading on a numerical display (e.g. LED). It eliminates errors due to parallax that can arise in instruments requiring the position of a pointer on a scale to be estimated and also has a very high input resistance (e.g.l0 M). The simplified block diagram and the waveforms is shown in Fig.R7-1, it help us to follow the action. The D.C. voltage to be measured is fed to one input of a voltage comparator. The other input of the comparator is supplied by a ramp generator which produces a repeating sawtooth waveform. The output from the comparator is high (1) until the ramp voltage equals the input voltage when it goes low (0). PART1 7. Digital Voltmeter Fig.R7-1 Block Diagram and the Waveforms of Digital Voltmete PART1 7. Digital Voltmeter The comparator output is applied to one input of an AND gate, the other input of the gate being fed by a generator. When both these inputs are high, the gate opens and gives a high output, i.e. a pulse. The number of steady train of pulses from a pulse output pulses so obtained from the AND gate depends on the length of the comparator output pulse, i.e. on the time taken by the ramp voltage to reach the value of the input voltage. If the ramp is linear, this time is proportional to the input voltage. The output pulses from the AND gate are recorded by a binary counter and then converted into decimal form by a decoder before being passed on to the display. The whole process commences when the voltmeter is switched on and a pulse from a trigger