国际安全管理规则与港口监督问答.doc.doc

国际安全管理规则 和港口国监督问答 一.国际安全管理规则 问:国际安全管理规则的全称是什么? 答:国际安全管理规则的全称是“国际船舶安全营运和防止污染管理规则”, 简称“国际安全管理规则”.通常称为“ISM”规则. Q: What is the full name of ISM Code? A: The full name of ISM Code is ‘International Management Code for the safe operation of ships and for pollution prevention.’ It is ‘international safety management code’ for short. Usually it is called ‘ISM Code’. 问:ISM规则的主要内容是什么? 答:ISM规则是在海上安全和防止污染方面加强管理的一项国际标准.它要求公司建立安全管理体系, 包括:制订安全和环境保护方针;明确公司人员和船员和责任和权限;指定公司和船舶的联系人员; 培训公司人员和船员, 使他们胜任工作; 定期演习, 做好应急准备;维护保养好船舶和设备;报告和分析不符合安全管理体系的情况和海难事故甚至险情, 不断采取改进措施;加强文件控制,保证执行现时有效规定;定期进行内部审校和接受政府主管机关或其认可机构的外部监督.凡是建立和实施符合ISM 规则的船公司将得到一份符合证明.同样,船舶将得到一份安全管理证书. Q: What are the main contents of ISM code? A: the ISM code is an international standard for enhancing management in the field of marine safety and pollution . it requires every company to establish safety management system (ISM), including establishing safety and authorities of company staff and crew; appointing contact person between company ashore and ships; training company staff and crew to be competent in their job; making drills and exercises periodically to prepare for emergency; maintaining ships and equipment in good condition; reporting and analysing non-conformities, accidents and even hazardous situations and making uninterrupted improvements thereon; strengthening document control to ensure implementing valid regulations; carrying out periodical internal audit and external audit done by the government or its recognized organizations. Company that has successfully established and maintained the SMS conforming with ISM code will be issued document of compliance (Doc). Similarly, ship under the same condition will be issued safety management certificate (SMC). 问:在ISM 中如何定义公司? 答:公司指船舶所有人,或已承担船舶所有人的船舶营运责任并在承担此种责任时同意承担ISM 规则规定的所有责任和义务的任何机构或个人,如管理人或光船承租人. 问:ISM 规则产生的背景是什么? 答:频繁发生的海难事故,给旅客和船员生命.财产和海洋环境造成巨大损害.海难事故引起公众和各国政府的极大关注,要求制定更为严格的国际公约和国内法令,推动和督促公司改进管理.消除或减少海难事故的发生.ISM 规则就是其中之一. 问:ISM 规则的目标是什么? 答:它的目标是:保证海上安全,防止人员伤亡,避免对海洋环