技能偏向性技术进步对技能溢价的影响分析-analysis of the influence of skill - biased technological progress on skill premium.docx

暨南大 暨南大学硕士学位论文 万方数据 万方数据 摘要 最近几十年，多数国家都出现了技能劳动与非技能劳动之间工资差距拉大的现象。大 量学者经过研究后认为其最主要的原因是技能偏向性技术进步。那么我国是否存在技能偏 向性技术进步，技术进步是否影响了技能溢价。本文在对相关理论的基础上，对技术进步 对技能溢价的影响关系进行了研究。 本文首先对国内外有关技术进步与技能溢价的文献进行回顾和总结，然后在相关数据 的基础上，对我国的技术进步和技能溢价现状进行分析。发现我国技术创新水平的提高促 进了我国专业技术人员的需求增加，即增加了技能劳动的需求，说明我国的技术进步具有 技能偏向性。同时我国劳动力受教育程度普遍偏低，劳动力的报酬相对较低，我国技能劳 动的工资增长速度要快于非技能劳动工资的增长速度，技能溢价现象越来越明显。之后我 们利用 1989-2011 年的 CHNS 数据库数据检验技能偏向性技术进步对技能溢价的影响。实 证结果显示技能偏向性技术进步促进了技能溢价。另外技能溢价还受到对外贸易的正向影 响，技能劳动的相对供给对技能溢价存在抑制作用，其中影响最大的是技术进步，这也证 明我国的技术进步具有技能偏向性特征。最后本文提出了调整技术进步模式，大力发展教 育，减少对外贸易的消极影响等政策建议。 关键词：技能偏向性技术进步 技能溢价 技能劳动 非技能劳动 I Abstract In recent decades, wage gap phenomenon between skilled labor and unskilled labor has emerged in many countries. After some researches, many economists accord this problem to skill-biased technological change. Does there exist skill-biased technical change in China and whether skill-biased technical change affects the skill premium. On the basis of relevant theories, this paper carries on a study on skill-biased technical change and skill premium. This paper firstly states and summaries relevant theory about technologies and skill premium. Then it analyzes the current situation of Chinese technology progress and skill premium. Found that the demand for skilled labor has increased with the development of technical change, which indicates the technology change is skill-biased in China. Chinese labors generally receive low level of education, so the remuneration is relatively low. The wage growth rate of skilled labor is faster than that of unskilled labor, thus the skill premium phenomenon become more serious. This paper use CHNS data from 1989 to 2011 to test the effect of skill-biased technical change on skill premium. The empirical results show that skill-biased technological change promotes the skill premium. Moreover, international trade also has a positive impact skill premium and the relative supply of skilled labor restrain skill premium instead. Among these impact factors, technol