简谐势中相对论玻色气体的分析-analysis of relativistic bose gas in simple harmonic potential.docxVIP

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简谐势中相对论玻色气体的分析-analysis of relativistic bose gas in simple harmonic potential.docx

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简谐势中相对论玻色气体的分析-analysis of relativistic bose gas in simple harmonic potential

AbstractAbstractThe experimental realization of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in 1995 opened a new field for the physics research. The study of BEC and its related issues has currently become a hot topic in physics. In this paper we mainly investigate BEC and the thermodynamic properties of a relativistic Bose gas.Using semi-classical approximation method, the properties of a relativistic ideal Bose gas (RIBG) confined in the three-dimensional (3-D) harmonic potential are studied. The BECtransition temperatureTc , condensate fraction, specific heat and the entropy of the system arecalculated in the nonrelativistic (NR) and ultrarelativistic (UR) limits respectively. The resultsshow that in the lower temperature region Tcof the system in the nonrelativistic limit is closerto that in the general energy spectrum, while in the higher temperature region Tcin theultrarelativistic limit tends asymptotically to that in the general energy spectrum. There is a jumpof the specific heat at Tcin both limits, and the relativistic effect enlarges the gap. The entropyof the system increases with the temperature. It is continuous but there is an abrupt inflectionpoint atTc .The properties of the RIGB in the harmonic potential by considering antibosons areinvestigated. The numerical results for Tcand the Helmholtz free energy of the system at Tcare obtained. The results show that the behavior of Tcand the Helmholtz free energy of thesystem at Tcis similar to that without antibosons, but the system with antibosons has the highertransition temperature and the lower Helmholtz free energy. It implies that the system with antibosons is easier to achieve BEC and is more stable.Using local density approximation (LDA) method, the BEC and thermodynamic properties of the relativistic interacting Bose gas in the harmonic potential are studied. The analyticalexpressions for the BEC transition temperatureTc , condensate fraction, and specific heat of the