碱式硫酸镁晶须和片状粉体的制备分析-preparation and analysis of basic magnesium sulfate whisker and flake powder.docxVIP
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碱式硫酸镁晶须和片状粉体的制备分析-preparation and analysis of basic magnesium sulfate whisker and flake powder
摘 要
本文以硫酸镁和氢氧化镁为原料,进行了水热法制备碱式硫酸镁晶须和碱式 硫酸镁片状粉体的工艺研究。采用化学分析、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线 衍射(XRD)和红外光谱分析(FT-IR)等测试手段对产物进行了表征,并对碱式硫酸 镁晶须填充高密度聚乙烯树脂后的性能进行了研究。
研究结果表明,不同的反应条件对碱式硫酸镁晶须的合成有不同的影响。通 过分析比较,得出合成晶须产品的适宜水热条件为:硫酸镁料浆浓度 1.28 mol·L-1、硫酸镁和氢氧化镁的摩尔比 1~4、搅拌强度 450r/min、反应温度 200
℃,反应时间 6h。此时合成的碱式硫酸镁晶须平均长度为 20~45μm,长径比为 31 以上,表面光滑,纤细均匀且无弯曲,纯度较高。
在合成晶须的过程中,除考虑水热合成的各种影响因素外,考察了有机羧酸 类(酒石酸、柠檬酸)和磷酸盐类(磷酸钠、磷酸二氢钠与次磷酸二氢钠)等晶 体助长剂对合成产物的影响。合成产物外观与晶须有很大的区别,呈现白色的细 粉末状,在扫描电子显微镜下观察呈现有规则的片状、扇形和层叠状结构。显示 平均长度为 2 μm,厚度为 0.052 μm,化学式:MgSO4· 5Mg(OH)2·2H2O。因为没 有见到有关的报道,试验者把它称为碱式硫酸镁片状粉体。对应的最佳反应条件 为:硫酸镁和氢氧化镁的摩尔比 0.65∶0.25,硫酸镁料浆浓度 1.00 mol·L-1, NaH2PO4 和 Na3PO4 是作用效果明显的晶体助长剂,反应温度 200℃,搅拌强度 200 r/min,反应时间 5 h,并且对其进行了相关表征。
把自制的碱式硫酸镁晶须用偶联剂进行表面活性处理后,填充到高密度聚乙 烯树脂塑料中,与目前工程塑料中普遍使用的氢氧化镁填料相比较,碱式硫酸镁 晶须对改善复合材料的机械性能和阻燃性能均超过氢氧化镁填料。
关键词:碱式硫酸镁晶须;片状粉体;水热法;晶体助长剂
Abstract
Hydrothermal Method synthesizing Magnesium Hydroxide Sulfate Whiskers and flake MgSO4·5Mg(OH)2·2H2O powders using MgSO4 and Mg(OH)2 were described. The as-prepared samples were analyzed by chemical analysis and characterized by XRD, SEM and FT-IR spectra and so on. The mechanical and flame resistance properties of the whiskers added into high-density polyethylene(HDPE) were also studied in this paper.
Based on the morphology and crystal structure of Magnesium Hydroxide Sulfate Whiskers, the different experiment conditions of hydrothermal synthesizing exercise different influence on synthesizing process. And the best technological conditions for preparing the Magnesium Hydroxide Sulfate Whiskers were put forward as : the
concentration of MgSO4 is 1.28 mol·L-1; the mol rate of MgSO4 to Mg(OH)2 is 1~4;
the reaction temperature is 200℃; the stir intensity is 450r/ min,and the reaction time is 6h.The nice morphology MgSO4·5Mg(OH)2·2H2O whiskers of about 20~45μ
m/ long and about 31 rate of long to diameter is obtained .
Besides considering the hydrothermal conditions,adding additives(citric acid, phosphate) into the autoclave were investigated.The result showed that
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