Lecture 4 Addition and omission 汉英翻译 教学文稿.pptVIP

Addition and Omission Discussion 1. What do we mean by addition and omission? 2. When do we need addition and omission? Addition and Omission I . Addition Addition (or amplification,增词法) means adding necessary words in translation on the basis of accurate comprehension of the source text for semantic completion and syntactic (句法的) completion. In other words, addition is used to make the meaning clearer in the target language, or for grammatical, rhetorical (修辞的) or syntactic reasons. As for English and Chinese, they are two very different languages and each has its own historical and cultural backgrounds. So, many words, proverbs and idioms that are well understood in one language can hardly make sense to people using the other language. In this sense, a translator cannot always stick to the original pattern. He has to make use of addition and omission from time to time. But the translator should remember that addition is only done when it is necessary. For example, the translation of the word “wash”: 1. Mary washes before meals. 玛丽饭前洗手。 2. Mary washes before going to bed. 玛丽睡前洗脚。 3. Mary washes after getting up. 玛丽起床后洗脸。 4. Mary washes for a living. 玛丽靠洗衣度日。 5. Mary washes in a restaurant. 玛丽在饭店洗碗碟。 Words , phrases or clauses, or sometimes even sentences can be added, so as to express the meaning exactly and completely. But there is a principle: Extra meaning can never be added. The added words must be implied in the source text. 这样做使译文在语法、语言形式上符合汉语的习惯，并在文化背景、词语联想方面与源文本保持一致。 Discussion: What can be added in E-C translation? 3) Addition of adverbs 增译副词 As he sat down and began talking, words poured out. 他一坐下来就讲开了，滔滔不绝地讲个没完。 The crowd melted away. 人群渐渐散开了。 Long-stemmed models ankled through the lobby. 身材修长的模特袅袅婷婷地从大厅走过。 4) Addition of adjectives 增译形容词 With what enthusiasm the class is learning the translation course! 这个班正在以多么高的热情学习翻译课啊！ What a girl! 5）Addition of quantity words 增译量词 A red sun rose slowly from the calm sea. 一轮红日从平静的海面冉冉升起。 Michael gave