S2 WST C3 当代社会学理论 教材.ppt

The sociology of Pierre Bourdieu 西方当代社会学理论 Outline Biography Practice and habitus Social fields and types of capital Symbolic power, domination, and legitimacy Education and social reproduction Distinction, taste and cultural consumption The sociology of science and the purpose of sociological research Pierre Bourdieu (1930-2002) Pierre Bourdieu (1930-2002) Born and raised in the Béarn 贝阿恩, a rural area in south-western France Modest social origins Educated as a philosophy teacher and scholar at the Ecole Normale Supérieure 巴黎高等师范学校 During the Algerian War 阿尔及利亚战争, he is sent as a soldier to Algiers, then remains there to work as a teacher Anthropology fieldwork in Algeria on the Kabyle people 1960: returns to France, switches to sociology and works at the EHESS 巴黎高等社会科学学院 1976: founds Actes de la Recherche en Sciences Sociales 《社会科学的研究行动》 1981: elected at the Chair of Sociology of the Collège de France 法兰西公学院 Publisher of several social science book series 1990s: increasingly vocal in favour of the political left, the welfare state, opposing the diffusion of neo-liberalism in France Receiving the Gold Medal of the National Centre for Scientific Research in 1993 II. Practice and habitus The logic of practice In order to understand the role of individuals’ actions, Bourdieu claims to reject: a) Satre’s subjectivism, which underestimates the extent to which agents’ thoughts, aspirations, attitudes etc, are socially determined b) Lévi-Strauss’s objectivism, which neglects the way in which agents’ perceptions and actions shape social life and ignores variations and contradictions across behaviours c) Rational choice theory, which reduces all human activity to the single motive of material profit and presupposes perfect self-awareness The logic of practice The “logic of practice” is different from “logical logic” Individuals display a specific energy in order to achieve their goals This energy is a form of libido 性冲动 reoriented towards various social aims This proces