ThePhysicsofRadiology-chapter6-1 放射物理 英文版 幻灯片课件.ppt

* Radiobiology Part One BME College Sherman Sheen(辛学刚) The Physics of Radiology four Rs the repair of sublethal damage repopulation by surviving cells in the irradiated tissues redistribution of cells throughout the division cycle reoxygenation of hypoxic cells Initial Event—The Passage of the Charged Particles EFFICIENCY of RADIATION DAMAGE TRACKS of CHARGED PARTICLES DISTRIBUTIONS IN SPACE of ENERGY RELEASES LINEAR ENERGY TRANSFER (LET) the electron tracks 0.25 keV/μm an alpha particle 250 keV/μm SPECTRUM OF LET VALUES velocity charge IMMEDIATE RADIOCHEMICAL EFFECT Production of Solvated Electrons and Radicals ASSAYS FOR PROLIFERATIVE CAPACITY —SURVIVAL CURVES COLONY ASSAY METHOD－IN VITRO IN VIVO ASSAYS spleen-colony method Limiting dilution assay In situ MATHEMATICAL ASPECTS OF SURVIVAL CURVES SINGLE HIT SURVIVAL CURVE The mean lethal dose (D0) is the dose required to reduce the population of entities from any value N to 0.37 N MULTI-TARGET SINGLE HIT SURVIVAL CURVE THERAPEUTIC RATIO where D2 is the dose that leads to serious complications in 50% of the patients D2/D1 and D1 is the dose that gives tumor control in the same % of patients. RADIOBIOLOGICAL EQUIVALENT (RBE) RBE = Dose from standard radiation to produce a given biological effect Dose from the test radiation to produce the same biological effect CELL CYCLE AND RADIOSENSITIVITY * * * one inactivating event (hit) The shoulder on the survival curve (Fig. 6-4) cannot be explained by equation 6-3. We can, however, obtain an expression that leads to a shoulder and that fits experimental data quite well. The aim of the radiotherapist in treating a patient is to deliver enough radiation to the tumor to destroy it without irradiating normal tissue to a dose that will lead to serious complications. The idea of a compromise between tumor control and the development of complications gives rise to the concept of a therapeutic ratio. So far, we have discussed survival curves withou