专四语法精讲-动词不定式(内部资料).pptVIP

动词不定式 下列动词适合跟不定式作宾语 Agree, refuse, choose, attempt, fail, want, wish, seek, prepare, volunteer, consent, offer, decide, intend, ask, expect, tend, claim, learn, pretend, decline, promise, determine, manage, hope, long, desire, plan, mean, dare等。 feel, find, judge, make, think, believe, consider等动词如果是不定式作宾语，补语是形容词（间或是名词），常用it作形式宾语，把不定式后移。 例如：I find it difficult to work with him. She made it a rule to get up at five. 下列表示“指示，愿望，感觉”等的动词（短语）后常用不定式作宾语补足语：ask, invite, press, beg, want, request, force, get, wish, intend, tell, compel, cause, prefer, expect, encourage, instruct, remind, command, advise, allow, urge, warn, persuade, permit, order, trouble等等。 hope, demand, suggest等动词后面不能接动词不定式作为宾语补足语。 例如：He hoped his sister to lend him a hand. (误) He hoped that his sister would lend him a hand.（正） I suggested him not to go there alone. (误) I suggested that he not go there alone. (正) 动词decide, discover, explain, consider, ask, find out, forget, know, imagine, learn, observe, remember, tell, show, think, understand, wonder等后接 “how (who, what, when, which, where, whether) + to 不定式”作宾语。关系代词（副词）+to不定式结构还可以作主语、主语补语、介词宾语或定语等。 例如：I know how to start the machine. I have no idea how to get there. 动词feel, think, understand, suppose, prove, know, imagine, find, declare, consider, judge, guess, assert, esteem, believe后的宾语补足语常是to be或to have +过去分词形式。 例如：I know this to be a fact. I judged him to have been a gambler. 不定式常用于 “have + the +抽象名词”结构中。 例如：He has the goodness to do it. She has the kindness to help you. 有些名词后常跟不定式作宾语：time, reason, chance, way, effort, movement, right, ambition等。 例如：It is already time to start spring sowing. Thank you for giving me the chance to make the speech. 有些动词和形容词后常跟不定式，这些动词派生出来的名词后也可用不定式作定语：ability, attempt, determination, promise, willingness, obligation, agreement, claim, need, readiness, wish, inclination, anxiety, decision, plan, tendency, impatience, eagerness等。 例如：Your ability to analyse th