石油终章碳元素所掌握的人类未来.PPT

* * * * * * * * 21/10/99 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 21/10/99 * 21/10/99 21/10/99 21/10/99 21/10/99 * * * * * * * * * * Why is life based on the element carbon? There are two important properties of carbon that make it a suitable element to form the compounds in living things: Firstly, carbon atoms can link together to form stable chains of great length. Carbon atoms bind strongly to each other and form  very large molecules which are built around this carbon backbone.  The covalent bond between two carbon atoms is strong so that the backbones are stable. In all of these compounds simple sub-units called monomers are linked together by condensation reactions. Why is life based on the element carbon? Silicon is similar to carbon. Why are there no life forms based on silicon? Silicon is unsuitable because, although it is a valence IV element like carbon (4 electrons to share), BUT the silicon-silicon covalent bond is not strong enough for it to form long stable chains. So, it can not form molecules of the complexity needed to make up cells like carbon can! Periodic Table of the Elements Periodic Table of the Elements Don’t panic!……. Periodic Table for Organic Chemistry 1H  2He 3Li 4Be 5B 6C 7N 8O 9F 10Ne 11Na 12Mg 13Al 14Si 15P 16S 17Cl 18Ar  35Br Periodic Table for Organic Chemistry Periodic Table for Organic Chemistry Why is organic chemistry important? Organic chemistry is important because it is the study of life and all of the chemical reactions related to life. Several careers apply an understanding of organic chemistry, such as doctors, veterinarians, dentists, pharmacologists, chemical engineers, and chemists. Organic chemistry plays a part in the deve