形容词和副词2018-完整版.doc

形容词和副词 一、形容词 高考分析：考查的重点是形容词的比较级和最高级，以及形容词的句法作用（修饰名词时误用副词，作表语时该用形容词时误用名词等）。 、形容词的句法作用:形容词在句中重要作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。 作定语 ①Their heart-broken mother receives news about all her dead sons on the same day. 改错：Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. （2012全国卷改） 2．作表语 ①I was glad to hear you’re alive and well. 改错：whenever I think of the old days, I feel very happily. _______ 3. 作宾语补足语 ①I thought I had made it very clear. ②-------what a nice fire you have in your fireplace! --------During the winter I like my house_______ A . warmly and comfortably B. warm and comfortable C. warm and comfortably D. warmly and comfortable （2005上海） 4. 作状语:形容词作状语常用来表示主语的状态、性质、特征等；可位于句首或句末。 ①The survivors lay on the beach, exhausted and shocked. ②After the long journey, the three of them went back home,________. A . hungry and tiredly B. hungry and tired C .hungrily and tiredly D. hungrily and tired (2008北京) 、形容词作定语的位置 多个形容词作前置定语时的排序：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄与新老, 颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠 （综括性限定词（all both/all no/分数/倍数/百分数）+ 限定性形容词（指示代词/形容词性物主代词/名词所有格/冠词）+数词（序数词+基数词） ①Both his parents他的父母亲 ②他在科学方面的全部贡献 . ③Eighty percent(of)the population 80%的人口 ④2/3的地球表面 ⑤some other countries一些其他国家 Three other doctors其他的三个医生 ⑥另外两个新成员 . ⑦one such fountain一个这样的喷泉 ⑧第三张褐色圆木桌 注意： 若两个或两个以上的颜色形容词修饰同一个名词， 须用and连接。 例如: a black and white dress 一条黑白相间的裙子a red, green and yellow flag 一面红，绿，黄三色相间的旗子。 后置定语 当形容词修饰something, anything, everything, something, somebody, nobody等不定代词时，形容词须后置。 ①There is nothing important in today’s newspaper. ②About three years ago, something terrible happened to me. (2) 以字母a开头的常作表语形容词（afraid, alone, awake, asleep, aware, alive, alike, ashamed, afloat, available等作定语时，一般后置。这些形容词还可作表语和补语。 ①He made full use of English reference books available and learned a l