2011广西学士学位英语考试指南第六课.docVIP

Culture And Media 文化和媒体 It is easy to think of examples of culture but difficult to define the term. The British musician and artist Brian Eno had a try, suggesting that “Culture is what we don’t have to do”. We can explain his definition by considering how much culture is a part of the smallest details of our lives: we have to eat, but we don’t have to eat rice as Japanese sushi or Spanish Paella; we have to walk, but we don’t have to dance Cowboy line dances or Viennese waltzes. Whatever we don’t strictly have to do, from food to fashion to furniture, becomes part of our individual cultures. 我们很容易就认为例子中的文化,但是很难定义术语。英国音乐家和艺术家布莱恩伊诺公司有一个尝试,暗示说:“文化是我们不需要去做”。我们可以解释他的定义,考虑到多少文化是最微小的细节的一部分,在我们的生活中:我们有吃的,但我们不必吃米饭当做日式寿司或西班牙文的西班牙肉菜饭;我们已经走了,但我们没有去跳舞或维也纳华尔兹舞牛仔线。无论我们并不是严格必须要做的事情,从食品到时尚,家具,成为我们个人的文化的一部分。 Culture often results from a problem-solving activity. When the Indian peasant woman prepares her food, the dried dung of cows serves as fuel. It is an easily available fuel source in a country lacking extensive forests or coal and oil deposits. Such fuels would, in any case, be too expensive. And because dried cow dung burns slowly and evenly at a low temperature, the woman can leave the cooking fire unattended and go to work in the field while the evening meal slowly simmers. 文化往往结果从解决问题的活动。当印度农民女人准备她的食物,干燥后的牛的粪便作为燃料。它是一种很容易找到,在一个国家缺乏燃料来源广泛的森林或煤和石油矿床。这种燃料将,在任何情况下,太贵了。因为干牛粪,慢慢地、均匀地燃烧以较低的温度下,女人可以离开烹饪火无人值守,去在野外工作的中心,而慢慢地吃晚饭的。 In China, where coal has been the principal cooking fuel for centuries, a different cuisine has emerged. Coal produces extremely high heat for a short period of time. Dishes cooked using coal ideally feature foods cut into small pieces and quickly stir-fried. Food cultures have emerged not just from the ingredients available locally, but also the tools and methods available to prepare them. 在中国,煤炭已被校长煮饭的燃料,几个世纪以来,一种不同的菜已经出现。煤产生极高的热持续很短的一段时间。用来煮菜最理想的食物用煤特点切成小块,并迅速炒菜。饮食文化方面也出现了一些不只是从配料当地就有,而且还可用的工具和方法以帮助他们。 Although many of the reasons for the development of