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临汾市农村低保问题分析-analysis of rural subsistence allowances in linfen city
摘要我国是个农业大国,在我国经济社会快速发展的今天,要想保持长期稳定快速发展,农民的生存保障问题必须得以妥善解决。农村居民最低生活保障制度作为农村社会保障制度中的重要项目,在农村的经济社会发展过程中起着重要推动作用。有效建立农村最低生活保障制度,为我们农村广大困难群体的生活、生产问题提供有利保障,能够有效推进社会主义新农村建设,对于我们国家解决“三农问题”也提供了良好的政策保障。但由于制度不完善、运行不规范,再加上低保制度涉及面广、工作细,在实际工作中一些地方出现“人情保”、“关系保”、资金缺乏、覆盖率低、保障水平低等问题。为此,推进农村低保制度民主化、规范化、法制化运行和管理势在必行。本文首先从农村低保制度实施的背景以及马斯洛需求理论、公平与效率理论与效用理论等农村低保制度的相关理论研究入手,说明农村低保制度的必要性;其次客观描述了山西省临汾市农村低保制度实施的现状,肯定了临汾市低保实施以来取得的成效;最后本论文主要采用文献研究法、调查问卷法、访谈法、对比分析法、定量分析法等研究方法,针对临汾市低保制度的覆盖面、发放标准、资金运作等方面进行了分析,并把临汾市城乡低保制度实施状况进行了比较,发现了临汾市农村低保制度发展过程中的问题和制约因素,继而从制度、经济、社会等方面深入分析产生这些问题的原因,从而提出相应的、可行的对策建议。希望能够为保证农村低保制度健康稳步实施,发挥低保制度利民惠民的制度意义,为农村低保制度可持续发展进言献策。【关键词】农村最低生活保障制度实施状况对策AbstractAstheleadingagriculturalnation,withtherapideconomicandsocialdevelopment,theissuesofpeasants’survivalguaranteemustbeproperlysolved,ifChinawantstokeepitslong-termsteadyandrapiddevelopment.Asanimportantprojectofruralsocialsecuritysystem,ruralresidents’subsistencesecuritysystemplaysanimportantroleintheprocessofruraleconomicandsocialdevelopment.Establishingruralresidents’subsistencesecuritysysteminaneffectivewayisaguaranteeforthelivingandproductionofthedifficultgroupsinruralareas,whichcaneffectivelypromotetheconstructionofanewsocialistcountryside,andcanprovideasolidpoliticalguaranteeforsolvingtheproblemsaboutagriculture,ruralareasandpeasantry.However,inthepracticalwork,duetotheimperfectsystem,irregularoperationsaswellasthewide-stretchedcoverageandcarefulworkofsubsistencesecuritysystem,theproblemslikesecurityoutofsocialrelationship,thelackoffunds,lowcoverageandlowsecuritylevelaroseincertainruralareas.Therefore,itisnecessarytoboostthedemocratic,standardandlegaloperationsandadministrations.Thisthesisstartedwiththerelevanttheoreticalresearchesonruralsubsistencesecuritysystem,firstlyobjectivelydescribedthecurrentsituationoftheimplementationofsubsistencesecuritysysteminLinFen,ShanXiprovince,andaffirmedtheachievementithadmadesincethesubsistencesecuritysystemwasimplemented.Thisthesismainlyadoptedsuchresearchmethodsasliteraturereview,com
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