零蒸发无损液氙存储用单级g-single stage g for zero evaporation lossless liquid xenon storage.docxVIP

零蒸发无损液氙存储用单级G-M脉管制冷机的优化设计摘要随着高低温超导磁体，低温泵，低温光电子学器件，低温液体无损存储等技术的飞速发展，对低温制冷机的制冷温度，可靠性，振动，电磁干扰提出了苛刻的要求。脉管制冷机由于其冷端无移动部件，具有比传统低温制冷机更高的可靠性、低电磁干扰、振动小等优点，得到了广泛的应用。对于基于液氙的吨级暗物质探测器，在探测开启之前、暂停或者出现故障时需要回收储存2.5吨左右的液氙，为此需研制一套大容量零损耗的液氙储存系统。基于该液氙储罐系统漏热损失的计算，本文运用REGEN3.3对脉管制冷机的回热器参数进行了数值计算，在此基础上，对单级G-M型脉冲管制冷机进行了优化设计和实验研究工作。本文具体内容如下：（1）基于液氙无损存储的要求，设计一套零损耗的液氙储罐系统，并计算了液氙杜瓦的各种漏热损失。（2）运用REGEN3.3对脉管制冷机的回热器进行优化设计，给出了系统运行参数和回热器结构参数等对脉管制冷机主要性能变化的影响趋势及规律。并通过实验研究，与数值模拟结果进行了对比分析。（3）通过调节系统运行频率，充气压力，并针对小孔，双向进气等调相机制进行了相应的实验测试和优化设计。在一台小型单级G-M脉冲I管制冷机上获取33.4K的最低温度，在80K时能够提供超过20W的制冷量。关键词：G-M型脉冲管制冷机，蓄冷器，液氙，REGENIIOPTIMIZATIONOFASINGLESTAGEG-MTYPEPULSETUBECRYOCOOLERFORZEROBOIL-OFFLIQUIDXENONSTORAGESYSTEMABSTRACTWiththerapiddevelopmentofthesuper-conductingmagnetcooling,cryo-pumps,cryogenicelectronicsandzeroboil-offstorageoftheliquidcryogens,theresearchanddevelopmentofhighperformancecryocoolerisofcriticalimportance.Comparedwiththetraditionalcryocoolers,thepulsetubecryocooler(PTC)hasnomovingpartinthecoldend,resultinginlowerelectromagneticinterference,lowervibrationandhigherreliability.Forthedarkmatterdetectorwithliquidxenon(LXe)asdetectingmedium,about2.5tonsofLXeneedtoberecoveredandstoredbeforethestartofexperiments,orduringthedetectormaintenanceintheperiodofshutdown,etc.Tomeettheaboverequirements,acryogenicLXestoragesystemhasbeendesignedandconstructed.BasedonthecalculationoftheheatlossesfortheLXestoragesystem,REGEN3.3hasbeenusedtoconductnumericalsimulationoftheregeneratorandasinglestageG-MtypePTChasbeensetupforexperimentallytestandoptimazition.Azeroboil-offstoragesystemofliquidxenonhasbeendesignedandconstructed,andthedifferentheatlossesoftheliquidxenondewarhasbeencalculated.TheregeneratorofthePTChasbeenoptimaldesignedbyusingREGEN3.3.TheeffectsofthemaingeometriesoftheregeneratoraswellasIIIthesystemoperatingparametersonthecoolingperformanceoftheG-mtypePTChavebeenpresented.Thesimulatedresultshasbeenanalyzedandcomparedwiththeexperimentaldatas.Aseriesofexperimentshavebeencarriedouttostudytheeffectsofthesystemope