2011.5虚拟语气.docVIP

虚拟语气考试要点分析 虚拟语气（Subjunctive mood）表示一种与实际情况相反的假设、愿望、怀疑或者主观的设想以及没有把握的建议等。它一般可以分为两大类：一是即非真实条件句虚拟语气；另一类是在某些固定结构中或某些词语后出现的虚拟语气。 非真实条件句虚拟语气考试要点 在非真实条件句虚拟语气中，谓语动词最常见的形式是比其他非虚拟语气句的时态推前一步。就是说非虚拟句是一般现在时，而虚拟条件句则要用一般过去时；非虚拟句是一般过去时，而虚拟句则要用过去完成时等。 1、与现在情况相反的假设。条件从句的谓语动词用一般过去时（系动词be 用were 的形式），主句的谓语动词用should, would, could, might 等加上动词原形。例如： You would get TV reception if you had an outside antenna（天线）. I would buy a computer if I had enough money. 2、与过去情况相反的假设。条件从句的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句的谓语动词用should, would, could, might等加上have+过去分词。 If you had studied hard, you wouldn’t have failed CET-band 4. 3、与将来情况相反的假设。条件从句的谓语动词用should或were to 加上动词原形， 主句的谓语动词用should, would, could, might 等加上动词原形。 If you should try again, you could succeed. 4、表示虚拟条件的其他形式 1) 用介词和介词短语 Without air, there would be no wind or rain. But for the help of their team, we should not have succeeded. 用动词不定式 It would be a mistake not to adopt a correct attitude towards others’ criticism. 用比较级 A more responsible person would not have left the work half done. 注意：当条件句的引导词if 省略时，条件句中的助动词were, had 或should常常提到主语前面，形成倒装；当然如果没有were, had 或should，则不能省略if. If I were to write the article, I should write it some other way. _____ Were I to write the article, I should write it some other way. If you had been kinder to me, I would have married you. _____ Had you been kinder to me, I would have married you. Had he worked harder, he the exams. (1997. 6/42) A. must have got through B. would have got through C. would get through D. could get through (如果学习更加努力的话，他本可以通过考试。答案B) ____ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.(1997.1 /34) A. Had they arrived B. Would they arrive C. Were they arriving D. Were they to arrive (我们后天离开，要是他们在这之前抵达，我们就可以举行一次痛快的晚宴。答案D) 二、固定结构中和固定词语后虚拟语气考试要点 1、句型It is time / It is high time / It is about time that …（是……的时候了）后边的从句 要用一般过去时形式的虚拟语气,表示一种婉转的提议或建议。如： It is time that we were off. It is high time we went to the laboratory. “You are very selfish. It is high time y